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细菌基因型和感染宿主塑造了在Bacillus thuringiensis中通过期间欺骗和病毒性演变的潜力
Peter Morwool1, Neil Crickmore2, Ben Raymond1
1Department of Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn TR10 9FE, United Kingdom.
Journal of invertebrate pathology
|February 5, 2026
概括
交替宿主中的顺序选择可以在多种物种中增加病原体的毒性. 然而,宿主物种和细菌基因型在病原体中显著影响合作与作弊的演变.
科学领域:
- 微生物进化过程中的微生物.
- 病原体与宿主相互作用
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
背景情况:
- 了解病原体宿主范围的演变对于管理新兴传染病和开发生物控制策略至关重要.
- 理论预测表明,跨多个主机的顺序选择应该有利于广泛的主机范围.
- 毒素Bacillus thuringiensis (B. thuringiensis) 是公共产品,对毒性产生独特的进化动态.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查在交替宿主环境中的选择是否与单个宿主选择相比,在两个宿主中增强了细菌的毒性.
- 检查不同宿主物种中毒性和适应性之间的进化权衡.
- 确定宿主物种和细菌基因型对合作和作弊的演变的影响.
主要方法:
- 两种B. thuringiensis的基因型在单一 (Spodoptera frugiperda或Plutella xylostella) 和交替宿主环境中进行了选择.
- 使用通道设计,根据传染性为细菌群体提供生殖益处.
- 在不同的选择治疗和宿主物种中测量了病毒性和竞争性健康.
主要成果:
- 在P. xylostella的选择增加了两种宿主中的毒性,而在S. frugiperda的选择导致了毒性降低和'骗子'的进化.
- 交替宿主选择导致中间毒性水平.
- 增加的毒性与健身成本有关,而"作弊者"表现出高竞争力健身,但减少了毒素投资.
结论:
- 在B. thuringiensis中,合作与作弊的演变强烈依赖宿主物种和细菌基因型.
- 普鲁特拉 (Plutella xylostella) 喜欢合作,并选择了具有多宿主毒性增加的突变物.
- 这些发现挑战了对宿主范围演变的简单预测,并强调了宿主特定选择压力的重要性.
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