英国阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停和麻醉症的发生率和患病率:基于人口的描述性研究
Helen Strongman1, Martina Sykorova2, Yi Ting Nikki Yu3
1Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK helen.strongman@lshtm.ac.uk.
Thorax
|February 5, 2026
概括
在英国,被诊断的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 和麻醉症的患病率低于估计的症状频率,因人口统计学而异. 需要进一步的研究来提高诊断率.
科学领域:
- 睡眠医学 睡眠医学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 和麻醉症是普遍存在的,但诊断不足的疾病.
- 英国人口中OSA的估计患病率为4.8%,而麻醉症的估计患病率为0.047%.
- 目前缺乏关于随时间和人口统计数据诊断的流行率和发病率的数据.
研究的目的:
- 估计2000-2019年英格兰诊断的OSA和麻醉症的患病率和发病率.
- 根据人口因素对这些估计进行分层.
- 为了比较英格兰的估计与苏格兰,威尔士和北爱尔兰.
主要方法:
- 基于临床实践研究数据链 (CPRD) 和医院情节统计 (HES) 数据的历史人口描述性研究.
- 包括年龄≥18岁的成年人,随访≥90天,没有先前的睡眠呼吸暂停诊断.
- 每年估计的患病率和年龄/性别标准化;从新诊断计算的发病率.
主要成果:
- 2019年,在英格兰诊断的OSA患病率为1.40% (约. 622,528人) 和麻醉症为0.020% (约. 11,307人) 的情况.
- 尽管增加了,但诊断的患病率和发病率仍然明显低于估计的症状频率.
- 根据OSA的年龄,性别,种族,英国国家,贫困和实践规模,OSA的比率各不相同.
结论:
- 目前OSA和麻醉症的诊断率远远低于它们估计的症状流行率.
- 在人口因素和英国国家之间存在诊断率的显著差异.
- 高质量的研究对于提高诊断率和解决发现的差异至关重要.
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