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Updated: Feb 7, 2026

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互惠的规范可以促进孩子的不诚实
Liyang Sai1,2, Shenqinyi Wang1,2, Ting Guo1,2
1Department of Psychology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
Child development
|February 5, 2026
概括
由于义务感,孩子们可能会撒谎来帮助别人. 这项研究发现,小孩子更有可能为实验者作弊,如果她以前帮助过他们,在不诚实中表现出早期互惠.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 道德心理学道德心理学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
背景情况:
- 不诚实的行为可以达到社会目标,而不仅仅是个人利益.
- 幼儿时代的道德发展受到社会义务和规范的影响.
- 互惠,即对他人的行为做出回应的倾向,是基本的社会原则.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查是否感知到义务来回报驱动在幼儿时代的亲社会不诚实.
- 为了检查基于互惠的谎言的发展轨迹,从3岁到5岁.
- 为了确定昂贵的谎言是否受到互惠规范的影响.
主要方法:
- 在中国进行了7项实验性研究,对527名儿童 (3岁和5岁) 进行了研究.
- 一个实验者要求孩子们撒谎,以帮助她在游戏中作弊.
- 实验者的先前的帮助性被操纵来调用社会义务.
主要成果:
- 孩子们更有可能撒谎帮助实验者,当她以前帮助他们.
- 这种亲社会撒谎的互惠效应在5岁时是强大的.
- 撒谎的倾向增加,以回应所谓的社会义务,即使它对孩子造成了代价.
结论:
- 互惠规范可以从很小的时候就激发不道德的行为.
- 亲社会不诚实,由社会义务驱动,在发展的早期出现.
- 了解互惠的起源对于理解道德行为的发展至关重要.
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