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在原发性肺粘膜腺癌中KRAS变异的谱:对诊断,测试和治疗的影响

Arkar Htoo¹, Renuka Malenie¹, Juan Xing¹

¹Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.

Journal of the American Society of Cytopathology

|February 5, 2026

概括

在原发性肺粘膜腺癌 (PLMAC) 中,KRAS突变很常见,但G12C变异在非粘膜类型相比较较少见. 这表明PLMAC患者可能不会从针对KRAS G12C的治疗中受益.

科学领域:

在瘤学瘤学.
遗传学是一个遗传学.
肺部病理学肺部病理学

背景情况:

主要肺粘膜腺癌 (PLMAC) 经常呈现KRAS突变,但它们的特定分布尚未得到充分理解.
了解KRAS变体的患病率对于针对肺腺癌亚型的向治疗选择至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了研究PLMAC中的KRAS突变概况.
为了比较PLMAC和原发性肺非性腺癌 (PLNMAC) 之间的KRAS变异分布.

主要方法:

分别在2018-2022年和2022年10月至12月期间诊断的PLMAC和PLNMAC病例的回顾性分析.
下一代测序 (NGS) 肺癌热点基因面板用于分子测试.
对样本类型,分子结果,人口统计和吸烟状况的分析.

主要成果:

在PLMAC (72%) 中,KRAS突变的发生频率高于PLNMAC (40%).
在PLMAC中占主导地位的KRAS变异是G12V (39%) 和G12D (32%),其中G12C占19%.
在PLNMAC中,G12C是最常见的KRAS变异 (47%).
在从未吸烟者中,KRAS突变在PLMAC中很常见 (71%),但主要是非G12C变异.

结论:

在PLMAC中,KRAS突变比PLNMAC更为普遍.
在PLMAC中KRAS G12C变体的较低频率表明,针对G12C的向疗法对这种亚型的益处有限.
对于PLMAC来说,全面的KRAS基因造型是必不可少的,并且需要针对其他KRAS变异的新疗法.

关键词:

这种G12C变种是G12C.在KRAS突变中发生突变.分子测试是分子测试.粘菌性腺癌细胞瘤.没有小细胞肺癌的肺癌.有针对性的治疗.

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