调节肠道微生物组作为多发性硬化症治疗方法:对肠-大脑相互作用和免疫通路的影响:叙述性审查
Husna Irfan Thalib1, Nuha Fatima1, Faaleha Heba Fakruddin1
1General Medicine Practice Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Brain and behavior
|February 5, 2026
概括
肠道微生物组的改变与多发性硬化症 (MS) 的进展有关. 恢复微生物平衡对MS治疗有希望,但需要进行更大规模的试验来确认有效性.
科学领域:
- 神经免疫学 神经免疫学
- 微生物组研究的研究.
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 多发性硬化症 (MS) 是一种慢性自身免疫性中枢神经系统疾病,具有渐进性的残疾.
- 由减少短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 生产细菌和增加的促炎性物种标志着肠道微生物组失调,与MS的发病有关.
- 这种失生症会影响免疫信号,T细胞平衡,托代谢和血脑屏障的完整性.
研究的目的:
- 审查来自对MS肠道微生物组研究的机制和治疗见解.
- 综合有关肠道微生物改变在MS发展和进展中的作用的证据.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science和ClinicalTrials.gov的综合文献搜索到2025年1月.
- 包括人类多发性硬化症队列和临床前实验性自身免疫脑膜炎模型.
- 大约95个人类和临床前研究的叙述证据综合.
主要成果:
- 在MS患者中观察到有益的属 (例如,Faecalibacterium,Roseburia) 的持续枯竭和Akkermansia muciniphila的扩张.
- 在MS中发现的微生物代谢物如丁酸盐,酸盐和神经活性醇衍生物的水平降低.
- 治疗干预措施 (益生菌,益生菌,FMT,饮食) 在试点试验中显示出适度的改善,但结果异质,在一些RCT中没有显著的益处.
结论:
- 针对微生物组的干预措施通过恢复SCFA,调节免疫力和增强肠-大脑轴,显示出作为辅助性MS疗法的潜力.
- 较大的长期随机试验对于验证临床疗效和指导个人化基于微生物组的MS治疗至关重要.
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