在印度消除宫癌:重新定位诊断,疫苗接种和加速政策,实现2030年目标
Vaibhav K Tamrakar1, Kuldeep Sharma2, Pushpendra Singh2
1Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.
Cancer
|February 6, 2026
概括
宫癌是印度的一个主要威胁,低查和人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种率阻碍了消除目标. 重新设计诊断网络和整合HPV测试对于进步至关重要.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 宫癌是印度妇女可预防死亡的主要原因,每年发病率和死亡率高.
- 尽管有疫苗接种和查等可用的干预措施,但覆盖率仍然非常低,只有不到2%的人进行查,不到1%的人接种HPV疫苗.
- 最近引入的土著Cervavac疫苗提供了潜在的可能性,但面临着重大实施障碍.
研究的目的:
- 突出印度目前宫癌的流行病学负担.
- 确定阻碍实现世卫组织2030年消除目标的诊断和方案障碍.
- 为加快印度消除子宫癌提出战略.
主要方法:
- 关于印度宫癌发病率和死亡率的流行病学数据的审查.
- 分析当前的疫苗接种和查覆盖率.
- 讨论基础设施,公众意识和实施的战略障碍.
- 建议重新利用COVID-19时代的逆转录酶-聚合酶连锁反应 (RT-PCR) 网络进行HPV分子测试.
主要成果:
- 印度承担了全球子宫癌负担的很大一部分,每年约有127,000例新病例和80,000例死亡.
- 现有的查和人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种覆盖率非常低,阻碍了进展.
- 在基础设施,公众意识和控制计划的战略实施方面存在重大挑战.
结论:
- 将HPV疫苗接种纳入通用免疫计划是非常重要的.
- 将HPV核酸放大测试 (NAAT) 纳入国家基本诊断清单 (NEDL) 是一个关键步骤.
- 重新利用现有的RT-PCR基础设施可以提高HPV分子测试能力,加速印度到2030年消除宫癌的道路.
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