化学风险的演变在中国的一个河流流域暴露于未经处理的废水
B W Jackson1, Y Zhu1, A J Sweetman1
1Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom.
Environmental toxicology and chemistry
|February 6, 2026
概括
中国的废水处理基础设施正在改善,但来自国内废水的化学风险仍然存在. 需要将三香使用量减少90%,以确保东河流域的安全水平.
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 风险评估 风险评估
- 水质管理水质管理
背景情况:
- 像中国这样的发展中国家,由于有限的处理基础设施,面临着管理国内废水的挑战.
- 了解部分处理的水域中的化学风险对于有效管理至关重要.
- 雌激素和个人护理产品的成分是家用废水中的关键污染物.
研究的目的:
- 评估2010年至2020年东河流域,中国东南地区的化学风险变化.
- 评估污水处理厂建设和人口变化对化学风险的影响.
- 探索缓解策略,以减少来自家庭废水的化学风险.
主要方法:
- 使用欧洲河流 (GREAT-ER) 地理参考区域暴露评估工具模型进行空间显式风险评估.
- 与雌激素,17β-雌激醇,三桑和三糖相关的模拟化学风险.
- 模拟场景包括增加污水处理覆盖面和减少化学品的使用.
主要成果:
- 污水处理厂的初始快速建设大大降低了化学物质的度.
- 建设速度放缓和人口增加导致化学风险增加,超过2010年的水平.
- 完整的废水处理可以充分降低三甲和雌激素的风险.
- 据估计,要达到安全度,必须减少90%的三桑使用.
结论:
- 污水处理基础设施建设的有效性是显而易见的,但受到人口增长的挑战.
- 针对性地减少特定化学品的使用,如三桑,对于降低风险至关重要.
- 该研究强调,需要在快速发展的地区实施综合水质管理战略.
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