尿液中的分泌:对于监测盐化计划的宝贵工具
Honey Kumari1, Kamini Prabhakar1, Ransi Ann Abraham2
1Department of Public Health Nutrition, Nutrition Foundation of India, New Delhi, India.
The National medical journal of India
|February 6, 2026
概括
2019年至2021年期间,城市印度家庭的尿水平下降. 这种尿 (UI) 的减少可能反映出人们对过多的风险的认识增加,以及行业对更新的盐化标准的遵守.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
背景情况:
- 国家调查显示,超过90%的印度家庭使用盐 (IS).
- 之前的研究表明,80%的地区的尿 (UI) 含量令人满意,20%的地区呈现出高水平的UI.
- 摄入量及其对公共健康的影响仍然是研究的关键领域.
研究的目的:
- 评估南德里的城市,中低收入家庭的尿 (UI) 排泄趋势.
- 为了比较使用市场购买IS的家庭和从研究人员那里获得IS或铁强化IS (DFS) 的家庭之间的UI水平.
- 评估不同盐干预对 UI 水平随时间推移的影响.
主要方法:
- 两项研究 (A和B) 于2017-2021年间进行,涉及南德里的城市家庭.
- 参与者使用市场购买的IS或研究人员提供的IS/DFS超过一年.
- 使用微板方法 (桑德尔-科尔托夫反应) 分析了点尿样以检测UI的分泌.
主要成果:
- 在使用市场IS的家庭中,基线IU的中位数约为234μg/L (2017/2019).
- 干预后,IS和DFS组的中位数UI显著下降,两者之间没有显著差异.
- 与之前的测量相比,B研究显示UI中位数显著下降,从2021年的139微克/升 (IS) 和125微克/升 (DFS) 下降到2021年的125微克/升.
结论:
- 在2019年至2021年期间,观察到尿 (UI) 中位数显著下降.
- 这种减少可能归因于公众对过度摄入的认识增加.
- 印度食品安全和标准局 (FSSAI) 修订的盐化标准的行业遵守可能有助于调查结果.
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