以人为中心的AI作为指导开发基于图像的诊断工具在瘤学的框架:一个系统的审查
K Allen1, A K Yawson1, S Haggenmüller1
1Digital Biomarkers for Oncology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF 223, Heidelberg, Germany.
概括
在瘤学中,以人为中心的人工智能诊断工具 (AIDTs) 通过用户反和可解释AI (XAI) 来提高临床医生的决策和信任. 这些进展对于加强在临床实践中采用AIDT至关重要.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 人与计算机的交互
背景情况:
- 人工智能诊断工具 (AIDTs) 在瘤学中表现出高准确性,但临床采用有限.
- 以人为中心的AI (HCAI) 原则,包括用户反,决策支持和量身定制的解释,是提高AIDT集成的关键.
- 本综述侧重于瘤学AIDT中的HCAI方面,使用皮肤癌诊断作为特定的案例研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估用户反在瘤学AIDT开发中的整合.
- 评估AIDT对临床决策,特别是皮肤病学的影响.
- 检查可解释AI (XAI) 在皮肤癌诊断中的作用和用户感知.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed和ScienceDirect (2019-2024) 上进行了系统的文献搜索 (PRISMA指南).
- 搜索的重点是包含用户反的AIDT,AIDT对皮肤科医生的决定的影响,以及皮肤癌中的可解释AI.
- 研究分析了他们对用户反,决策改进和XAI实施的方法.
主要成果:
- 五项研究将用户反整合到癌症AIDT设计中.
- 在皮肤癌的实验和临床环境中,AIDTs改善了皮肤科医生的诊断决策.
- 可解释性AI (XAI) 在皮肤癌诊断中很普遍,研究探讨了用户偏好和对AI诊断的信任.
结论:
- 用户反的整合导致了更好地满足临床医生的需求的AIDT.
- 有证据支持AIDT增强临床决策能力.
- 将AIDT与XAI结合起来,可以培养临床医生的信任,并可能推动瘤学领域的更广泛采用.
相关概念视频
Review and Preview
8.4K
In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
8.4K
Review and Preview
11.5K
Data are individual items of information obtained from a population or sample. Data may be classified as qualitative (categorical), quantitative continuous, or quantitative discrete. Because it is not practical to measure the entire population in a study, researchers use samples to represent the population. A random sample is a representative group from the population chosen by using a method that gives each individual in the population an equal chance of being included in the sample. Random...
11.5K
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number
11.7K
The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
11.7K
Random and Systematic Errors
15.1K
Scientists always try their best to record measurements with the utmost accuracy and precision. However, sometimes errors do occur. These errors can be random or systematic. Random errors are observed due to the inconsistency or fluctuation in the measurement process, or variations in the quantity itself that is being measured. Such errors fluctuate from being greater than or less than the true value in repeated measurements. Consider a scientist measuring the length of an earthworm using a...
15.1K
Center of Gravity
6.7K
The center of gravity (COG) of an object is the point where the object's total weight is considered to be concentrated. Knowing the location of the center of gravity is useful when predicting the behavior of a moving object or designing static structures. In a uniform gravitational field, the center of gravity is similar to the center of mass (COM); yet, these two points can be positioned differently. For example, the Moon's center of mass lies very close to its geometric center, but...
6.7K
Center of Gravity
2.2K
The center of gravity is the point at which an object's weight appears to be concentrated and can be used to balance the object perfectly. This point is essential in mechanics as it provides information regarding a body's stability and moments of inertia. The center of gravity does not always have to fall within the shape or boundaries of the body; it may also lie outside the body in certain cases.
To determine its location, the principle of moments can be utilized by dividing the object into...
To determine its location, the principle of moments can be utilized by dividing the object into...
2.2K


