挪威的早期结直肠癌发病率:基于国家注册的研究 (1993-2022年) 分析亚部位和形态趋势
M F Ystgaard1, T Å Myklebust2,3, J Smeby1
1Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo.
ESMO gastrointestinal oncology
|February 6, 2026
概括
早期结肠直肠癌 (EOCRC) 发病率正在上升,特别是50岁以下的人群的左侧结肠和直肠癌. 这种趋势甚至在没有广泛查计划的人群中仍然存在.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 高收入国家的结肠直肠癌 (CRC) 发病率正在下降或稳定.
- 全球范围内观察到早期结直肠癌 (EOCRC) 的增加,定义为50岁以下成年人的CRC.
- 这与一般趋势形成鲜明对比,需要有针对性的调查.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用全国范围的注册数据,呈现EOCRC的当前发病率模式.
- 分析EOCRC的瘤部位和形态的年龄特异性差异.
- 为了提供对EOCRC趋势的洞察力,在一个基本上没有进行查的人群中.
主要方法:
- 一项全国性的基于注册的研究,利用来自挪威癌症注册局的数据 (完整性>99%).
- 分析了1993年至2022年间诊断的107523例CRC病例.
- 计算年龄标准化发病率和年均百分比变化 (APC) 和年均百分比变化 (AAPC) 的结点回归.
主要成果:
- EOCRC发病率增加了66% (AAPC 1.3),主要是由于左侧结肠和直肠癌.
- 50-74岁年龄组的发病率稳定 (AAPC -0.2),而≥75岁年龄组的发病率增加 (AAPC 0.8),主要是右侧结肠癌.
- EOCRC腺癌增加了77% (AAPC1.4),并且EOCRC患者呈现出更远的转移 (28.6%对18.2%).
结论:
- 证实了EOCRC的持续增加,特别是左侧结肠和直肠癌.
- 与有查计划的人群不同,50岁以上的人群的发病率保持稳定或增加,尽管最近正在下降.
- 这些发现强调了对EOCRC病因和预防策略的进一步研究的需要.
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