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Updated: Feb 7, 2026

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使用人工智能对先天性心脏病进行自动心声检测
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|February 6, 2026
概括
一个人工智能模型,EchoFocus-CHD,显示了自动化先天性心脏病 (CHD) 检测的前景. 解决数据域差异是全球部署的关键,以改善儿科心血管护理.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,先天性心脏病 (CHD) 的延迟诊断增加了儿科死亡率.
- 心声图 (回声) 对于心脏病诊断至关重要,但专家的解释是有限的.
- 人工智能 (AI) 可能会改善对专家级回声解释的访问.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证EchoFocus-CHD,这是一种AI模型,用于自动检测来自心声图的关键性和非关键性CHD病变.
- 在内部和外部验证数据集上评估模型的性能.
- 调查领域转移对模型性能的影响,并探索缓解策略.
主要方法:
- 开发了EchoFocus-CHD,一种使用变压器编码器在多任务,视图不可知架构上的AI模型.
- 在波士顿儿童医院 (BCH) 的54,727个心声回声图上训练并测试了该模型.
- 从美国和国际研究中对3,356个心声回声图进行了外部验证,参考BCH.
主要成果:
- EchoFocus-CHD在关键性心脏病检测方面表现出高的内部性能 (AUROC 0.94).
- 外部验证显示性能降低 (AUROC 0.77),专家意见分歧增加,表明领域转移.
- 在美国数据上的再培训改善了国际业绩 (AUROC 0.87),减轻了域移动效应.
结论:
- EchoFocus-CHD显示了自动化CHD检测的潜力,有助于分类和资源分配.
- 解决领域转移对于AI在心脏病诊断中的成功实践实施至关重要.
- 这种人工智能方法可以通过扩大诊断能力,为更公平的全球心血管保健做出贡献.
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