药物使用障碍表现出独特和疾病特定的遗传关联,与外部化和内部化精神病理
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|February 6, 2026
概括
遗传因素将物质使用障碍 (SUD) 与外部化和内部化行为联系起来. 纳入内部化遗传风险对于SUD预防和识别工作至关重要.
科学领域:
- 精神病学遗传学 精神病学遗传学
- 行为遗传学 行为遗传学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 药物使用障碍 (SUD) 是高度遗传的,并与外部化和内部化精神病理学共享遗传影响.
- 以前的研究集中在SUD和外部化疾病之间的遗传重叠上,经常忽视内部化疾病的贡献.
研究的目的:
- 综合描述SUDs之间的遗传关系,外部化精神病理学和内部化精神病理学.
- 调查内部化特征对SUDs遗传结构的贡献程度,独立于外部化特征.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自欧洲和非洲祖先种群的全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 总结统计数据.
- 采用遗传相关性分析 (全方位,部分,局部),遗传因果关系模型和多基因评分 (PGS) 分析.
- 使用基因 SEM 检查了 SUD 的剩余差异,在考虑了与外部化和内部化精神病理的共同遗传效应之后,使用了基因 SEM.
主要成果:
- 在外部化精神病理学和所有SUD之间发现了显著的遗传重叠,并且与内部化精神病理学有着显著的,尽管较小的重叠.
- 内部化特征仍然是大多数SUD的显著遗传相关物,即使在控制外部化遗传影响之后.
- 烟草使用障碍 (TUD) 与这两种精神病学谱系的遗传关联最弱,而阿片类药物使用障碍 (OUD) 与内化特征最为密切相关.
结论:
- 共享的遗传因素有助于SUD和内化障碍之间的共同疾病.
- 内部化疾病的遗传风险应纳入SUD识别和预防策略.
- 未来对SUDs的遗传研究应该考虑将精神病理学外部化和内部化,以充分阐明它们的遗传结构.
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