从结肠镜报告中识别腺瘤的自然语言处理的性能:系统审查和元分析
Nasruddin Sabrie1, Rishad Khan2, Rohit Jogendran1
1Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
iGIE : innovation, investigation and insights
|February 6, 2026
概括
自然语言处理 (NLP) 准确地从结肠镜报告中识别腺瘤检测,改善质量指标. 这种自动化支持通过分析内镜手术的关键发现,更好地预防结直肠癌.
科学领域:
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 腺瘤检测率是一个关键的结肠镜质量指标,与结肠镜后结肠直肠癌发病率相反相关.
- 使用自然语言处理 (NLP) 从结肠镜报告中自动生成质量指标是研究的一个关键领域.
- 这项研究系统地审查了NLP在从结肠镜检查和病理学报告中识别腺瘤检测方面的表现.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析NLP算法在从结肠镜检查和病理学报告中检测腺瘤的性能.
- 评估NLP在识别腺瘤检测方面的准确性,包括特定类型,如状状病变和晚期腺瘤.
主要方法:
- 系统审查和元分析遵循系统审查和元分析 (PRISMA) 准则的首选报告项目.
- 在MEDLINE,Embase和Cochrane系统评价数据库中进行全面的文献搜索,截至2022年7月.
- 在配对结肠镜检查和病理学报告中,包括报告NLP算法的腺瘤检测性能的研究,以及数据抽象和敏感性和特异性的聚合分析.
主要成果:
- 对腺瘤检测的聚合灵敏度为0.978 (95% CI,0.938-0.992),聚合特异性为0.997 (95% CI,0.984-0.999).
- 聚合的正预测值,负预测值和F1得分分别为0.997,0.977和0.982.
- 在识别状状病变和晚期腺瘤方面,NLP系统表现出很高的性能.
结论:
- 自然语言处理系统表现出强大的性能特征,用于从结肠镜检查和病理学报告中识别腺瘤检测.
- NLP提供了一种可行的方法,用于自动生成结肠镜检查中的质量指标.
- 这些发现支持NLP工具的整合,以提高结肠镜质量评估,并可能降低结肠直肠癌的发病率.
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