地质化学变异性和微生物代谢功能在暴露于微小漏的寡质沉积物中
Ellen Schnabel1, Aurèle Vuillemin1, Sarah Esser2
1GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences, Section Geomicrobiology, Telegrafenberg, Potsdam, Germany.
Frontiers in microbiology
|February 6, 2026
概括
巴伦茨海的碳化合物透为深沉积物中的多功能微生物提供燃料,影响营养循环. 这些微生物,特别是homoacetogens,在这些低营养环境中平衡生物地球化学循环中发挥着关键作用.
科学领域:
- 海洋地球化学 海洋地球化学
- 微生物生态学 微生物生态学
- 生物地质化学循环的过程
背景情况:
- 巴伦茨海的表面水具有较低的初级生产率,限制了营养物质流向海底的流量.
- 这导致沉积物中的有机物稀缺,有利于特定的微生物过程,如深水中的化和固定.
- 自然发生的碳化合物透可能会改变这些有机薄沉积物的微生物活动.
研究的目的:
- 评估小碳化合物透对巴伦茨海沉积物的微生物活动和地化学梯度的影响.
- 调查地下生物圈在暴露于碳化合物透的寡质沉积物中的作用.
- 了解微生物群落的代谢能力,特别是homoacetogens,以应对碳化合物流入.
主要方法:
- 对孔水地质化学和重力核心溶解气体度的分析.
- 测量总细胞数和微生物群体组成,使用元基因组和元基因组组合基因组分析.
- 在原始和受碳化合物影响的海底沉积物中评估地质化学概况.
主要成果:
- 与原始沉积物相比,较小的碳化合物透导致了更大的地化学条件的减少和电子受体的消耗.
- 透导致微生物细胞密度和甲 (CH4) 和二氧化碳 (CO2) 度略高,对社区多样性影响最小.
- 多功能发酵剂,包括特定的同类乙基基 (Lokiarchaeia, Bathyarchaeia, Dehalococcoidia),显示出碳化合物降解,脱化,硫酸盐减少和固定的能力.
结论:
- 微生物群落在巴伦茨海沉积物中表现出多样性的新陈代谢,多价发酵剂在轻微的碳化合物透下,在法定无化剂和硫酸盐减少剂上占主导地位.
- 由碳化合物为燃料的homoacetogens可以支持交叉养相互作用,并且对于平衡漏影响沉积物的生物地化学循环至关重要.
- 这些无处不在的,缓慢生长的同类乙原体,即使在没有碳化合物衍生的电子捐赠者的情况下,也对生物地球化学循环作出重大贡献,利用剩余的有机物质.
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