肠道屏障的损失使得在疟疾期间能够进行微生物介导的纯能抑制
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|February 6, 2026
概括
肠道微生物群通过破坏肠道屏障来影响疟疾的严重程度,导致腺积聚和免疫抑制. 恢复肠道屏障或阻断腺路径可以减少小鼠的严重疟疾.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物群显著影响疟疾免疫力和疾病结果,但根本机制尚未完全理解.
- 以前的研究表明,肠道失生症和疟疾严重程度之间存在联系,但具体的途径仍然难以捉摸.
研究的目的:
- 阐明肠道微生物群影响疟疾发病的机制.
- 识别导致严重疟疾的微生物衍生信号和宿主免疫反应.
- 探索潜在的治疗目标,以减轻疟疾的严重程度.
主要方法:
- 利用*Plasmodium yoelii*感染的小鼠模型研究肠道微生物群与宿主相互作用.
- 研究了IgA涂层微生物群在疾病易感性中的作用.
- 分析了肠道屏障完整性,全身腺水平和免疫细胞种群 (调节性T细胞,CD39+血清细胞).
- 检查了乌干达严重疟疾儿童的纯能免疫特征,与无症状对照对比.
- 评估治疗干预措施,包括加强肠道屏障和阻断腺A2A受体.
主要成果:
- 在小鼠中对严重疟疾的敏感性与调节性T细胞的升高和IFN-γ的降低有关.
- 被IgA覆盖的肠道微生物群分量足以转移疾病易感性.
- 疟疾感染损害了肠道屏障,导致了全身腺持续性和CD39+等离子体扩张.
- 严重疟疾患者表现出明显的纯能免疫特征.
- 治疗干预改善了免疫反应,并独立于寄生虫负担减少了疾病的严重程度.
结论:
- 疟疾引起的肠道泄漏使微生物信号能够激活一种依赖纯能激素的免疫抑制途径,导致严重的疾病.
- 准肠道屏障或腺A2A受体通路是严重疟疾的有希望的治疗策略.
相关概念视频
Line Loss
545
The different configurations of source-load connections include wye (star) and delta connections. The relationship between line and phase voltages and currents varies depending on the configuration. When the source is supplying power, it is transmitted through the wires to the load, and during this transmission, some power is absorbed by the wires, leading to line loss.
Line loss impacts power delivery efficiency in a balanced three-phase circuit. The symmetry in such a circuit simplifies the...
Line loss impacts power delivery efficiency in a balanced three-phase circuit. The symmetry in such a circuit simplifies the...
545
Anatomy of the Intestines
87.5K
Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
87.5K
Reducing Line Loss
390
In a three-phase circuit, line loss is an indicator of energy dissipated as heat due to the resistance of transmission lines. To address this, incorporating transformers into the system—a step-up transformer at the source and a step-down transformer at the load—is a strategic solution. Two three-phase transformers are introduced to improve this.
With a step-up transformer at the source, the voltage is increased, thereby reducing the current in the transmission lines since power loss in...
With a step-up transformer at the source, the voltage is increased, thereby reducing the current in the transmission lines since power loss in...
390
Energy Losses in Transformers
1.3K
In an ideal transformer, it is assumed that there are no energy losses, and, hence, all the power at the primary winding is transferred to the secondary winding. However, in reality, the transformers always have some energy losses, and, hence, the output power obtained at the secondary winding is less than the input power at the primary winding due to energy losses.
There are four main reasons for energy losses in transformers.
The first cause can be the high resistance of the...
There are four main reasons for energy losses in transformers.
The first cause can be the high resistance of the...
1.3K
Major Losses in Pipes
2.0K
When a fluid flows through a pipe, it experiences energy losses due to frictional resistance along the pipe walls, known as major losses. These energy losses result in a pressure drop, which varies based on the flow conditions — whether laminar or turbulent — and the specific physical properties of the fluid and pipe.
Fluid flow can be classified as laminar or turbulent, primarily based on the Reynolds number. This dimensionless number reflects the relative influence of inertial to viscous...
Fluid flow can be classified as laminar or turbulent, primarily based on the Reynolds number. This dimensionless number reflects the relative influence of inertial to viscous...
2.0K
Minor Losses in Pipes
1.9K
In pipe systems, minor losses refer to energy losses arising from components such as valves, bends, fittings, expansions, and other features that disrupt the steady flow of fluid. These disturbances cause energy dissipation through turbulence and resistance, which engineers quantify to manage system efficiency effectively.
Valves play a significant role in generating minor losses by obstructing or redirecting the fluid flow. When a valve is closed or partially closed, it restricts the flow...
Valves play a significant role in generating minor losses by obstructing or redirecting the fluid flow. When a valve is closed or partially closed, it restricts the flow...
1.9K


