世卫组织非洲地区以事件为基础的监测:在COVID-19大流行之前的基线实施
Opeayo Ogundiran1, George Sie Williams2, Etien Koua2
1World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Frontiers in public health
|February 6, 2026
概括
大多数非洲国家在COVID-19之前采用了基于事件的监测 (EBS),主要使用基于卫生设施的监测 (HEBS) 和移动报告. 资源缺口等挑战仍然存在,这凸显了对流行病情报系统的持续投资的需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 全球卫生安全 全球卫生安全
背景情况:
- 基于事件的监测 (EBS) 对于检测公共卫生紧急情况至关重要.
- 在COVID-19前,世卫组织非洲地区的EBS实施缺乏全面的文件.
- 建立基线对于评估和加强监控系统至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在COVID-19大流行之前,在世卫组织非洲地区建立EBS模式的基线.
- 评估各种EBS方法的存在,特性和功能.
- 为加强疫情情情报的未来战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在47个世卫组织非洲成员国 (2019年12月 - 2020年2月) 进行了跨部门调查.
- 一个结构化问卷评估了基于卫生设施的EBS (HEBS),基于社区的监测 (CBS) 和媒体监测.
- 定量数据进行了描述性分析,定性数据进行了主题分析.
主要成果:
- 37个国家 (78.7%) 回应了;84%已经实施了至少一个EBS模式.
- HEBS (67.6%) 是最常见的,其次是CBS (54.1%) 和媒体监控 (29.7%).
- 霍乱,急性松性,麻疹和脑膜炎经常被检测到;手机是主要的报告工具,但注意到了资源和基础设施的缺口.
结论:
- 到2020年初,大多数非洲国家都采用了EBS,尽管成熟度各不相同.
- 可持续的融资,适当的工具和训练有素的人员是关键需求.
- 由于COVID-19的流行,我们有机会通过持续的投资和协调来制度化和扩展EBS系统.
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