液态-液态相变的 (消失) 现象在异质激活杂点粒子模型和实验中
Furio Surfaro1, Peixuan Liang1, Hadra Banks1
1Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
The Journal of chemical physics
|February 6, 2026
概括
补丁异质性影响蛋白质液体液相分离 (LLPS). 对蛋白质贴片的离子结合能量决定了LLPS的出现或消失,为生物电荷驱动的LLPS提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 生物物理学的生物物理.
- 软物质物理学 软物质物理学
- 计算化学的计算化学
背景情况:
- 离子激活斑块粒子模型对于理解球状蛋白质与多价值离子相位行为至关重要.
- 液-液相分离 (LLPS) 是生物系统中的一个关键现象,通常受离子相互作用的影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究补丁异质性如何影响蛋白质相位图中的液体-液体共存区域.
- 确定离子结合能在控制LLPS的出现和消失中的关键作用.
- 为了合理化关于牛血清白蛋白溶液中依赖离子的LLPS的实验发现.
主要方法:
- 理论建模使用离子激活斑块粒子模型.
- 在不同的结合能和离子介导吸引力下分析相位图.
- 与具有非激活补丁的模型进行比较.
主要成果:
- 补丁异质性对液体-液体共存区域的范围和存在产生重大影响.
- 离子和不同的补丁类型之间的结合能量是相位行为的主要决定因素.
- 通过调整离子结合能量和离子介导吸引力,可以诱导或抑制LLPS.
- 离子将吸引力从更强的补丁转移到更弱的补丁的机制可以导致LLPS消失.
结论:
- 离子-蛋白相互作用,特别是将能量与异质补丁结合,是蛋白质LLPS的关键调节者.
- 这些发现为理解和控制生物环境中的离子驱动LLPS提供了理论基础.
- 这项工作提供了对生物系统中电荷驱动的LLPS抑制机制的见解.
相关概念视频
02:31Phase Transitions
23.2K
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
23.2K
02:39Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing
15.2K
Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
15.2K
02:33Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition
20.2K
Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...
20.2K
02:39Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation
21.5K
The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules...
21.5K
02:26Molecular Comparison of Gases, Liquids, and Solids
55.3K
Particles in a solid are tightly packed together (fixed shape) and often arranged in a regular pattern; in a liquid, they are close together with no regular arrangement (no fixed shape); in a gas, they are far apart with no regular arrangement (no fixed shape). Particles in a solid vibrate about fixed positions (cannot flow) and do not generally move in relation to one another; in a liquid, they move past each other (can flow) but remain in essentially constant contact; in a gas, they move...
55.3K
02:39Phase Diagrams
50.3K
A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
50.3K