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在大规模作战行动中利用非专业人员提供心理健康支持:范围审查
Felicia N Katzovitz1, Julia G Catanese1
1Daniel K. Inouye Graduate School of Nursing, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
概括
在大规模作战行动 (LSCO) 期间,军事精神卫生保健面临着挑战. 本综述探讨了非专业人员的干预措施,为严格的环境提供了一个可扩展的,基于角色的支持模型.
科学领域:
- 军事医学 军事医学
- 心理支持行动 心理支持行动
- 严格环境中的公共卫生.
背景情况:
- 过渡到大规模作战行动 (LSCO) 引入了军事精神卫生保健服务的重大挑战.
- 资源限制,医疗疏散中断以及LSCO的网络连接差可能会阻碍获得专门的心理健康服务.
- 可扩展和适应性精神卫生保健解决方案对于像LSCO这样的运营环境至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 进行由非专业人员在军事或类似的作战环境中提供精神卫生保健干预措施的范围审查.
- 识别和综合现有的关于适用于资源有限和严格环境的心理支持策略的文献.
- 开发一个基于角色的心理支持策略的概念模型,适应LSCO.
主要方法:
- 这项研究采用了Arksey和O'Malley的五阶段方法论框架进行范围审查.
- 在四个主要数据库中进行了系统的文献搜索:PubMed,CINAHL,PsycINFO和Embase.
- 全文选确定了23项符合纳入标准的研究,构成了概念模型的基础.
主要成果:
- 干预措施根据提供的人员角色 (领导者,非正式同行,训练有素的同行,非专业医疗人员) 进行分类.
- 这些干预措施被映射到应力连续模型上,以与运营需求保持一致.
- 开发了一个概念模型,提供了一个可扩展和任务适应的心理支持方法.
结论:
- 开发的概念模型为领导者和医疗规划人员在严格的环境中提供了灵活的,基于证据的选择,包括LSCO.
- 它强调了将各种人员角色整合到全面的心理支持战略中的潜力.
- 这种基于角色的方法提高了在大规模作战行动期间提供心理健康护理的适应性和可扩展性.
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