对青少年和年轻成年电子烟使用者的肺功能评估进行系统审查:当前的工具和新兴的方法
Nirul Isamuddin Nasir1, Mohd Hasni Ja'afar1, Norfazilah Ahmad1
1Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
PloS one
|February 6, 2026
概括
年轻电子烟使用者的肺功能测试通常会忽略早期的问题. 像FeNO和MRI这样的新兴方法可以检测微妙的变化,有助于早期检测和预防呼吸系统问题.
科学领域:
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
背景情况:
- 在年轻人中使用电子烟 (EC) 很普遍.
- 鉴于潜在的呼吸道风险,评估这一群体的肺功能至关重要.
- 目前的评估工具可能无法完全捕捉EC引起的肺部变化.
研究的目的:
- 确定用于年轻EC用户的肺功能评估工具.
- 检查当前和新兴的方法来评估年轻EC用户的肺功能.
- 为了识别EC暴露后的肺功能变化.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA 2020指南进行系统审查.
- 在六个数据库中搜索了2016-2025年间发表的文章.
- 使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所 (JBI) 批判性评估工具和叙述分析进行合成.
主要成果:
- 在所有7项研究中使用的螺旋计无法检测出亚临床肺部变化.
- 急性EC暴露降低了螺旋计参数 (FEV1,FVC,PEF,MEF75) 和FeNO,增加了呼气气温 (EBT),以及改变了通风 perfusion (V / Q) 的MRI发现.
- 慢性EC暴露降低了FEV1,PEF,FEV1/FVC,FEF25-75%,并增加了碳氧血红蛋白 (HbCO). 肺功能改善后EVALI与EC停止,显示增加DLCO.
结论:
- 螺旋测量是一种一线工具,但在年轻的EC用户中经常错过早期肺功能障碍.
- 新兴的方法如FeNO,DLCO,EBT,MRI和HbCO补充了螺旋计的局限性.
- 建议根据暴露背景进行量身定制的多模式评估,以早期发现疾病并预防长期的呼吸系统影响.
相关概念视频
01:17Systematic Sampling Method
13.3K
Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
Systematic sampling is one of the simplest methods...
Systematic sampling is one of the simplest methods...
13.3K
01:10Review and Preview
8.4K
In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
8.4K
01:13Review and Preview
11.5K
Data are individual items of information obtained from a population or sample. Data may be classified as qualitative (categorical), quantitative continuous, or quantitative discrete. Because it is not practical to measure the entire population in a study, researchers use samples to represent the population. A random sample is a representative group from the population chosen by using a method that gives each individual in the population an equal chance of being included in the sample. Random...
11.5K
01:27Emerging Adulthood
715
Jeffrey Arnett's concept of emerging adulthood offers a framework to understand the unique developmental stage between adolescence and full-fledged adulthood, generally from ages 18 to 25. This period is marked by extensive exploration and shifts in identity, relationships, and career choices, a process known in psychology as role experimentation. Emerging adulthood reflects the evolving cultural expectations surrounding adulthood and the dynamic process of personal transformation during...
715
01:47Lung Capacity
56.4K
The air in the lungs is measured in volumes and capacities. Lung volume measures reflect the amount of air taken in, released, or left over after a lung function, like a single inhalation. Lung capacity measures are sums of two or more lung volume measures.
56.4K
01:20Random and Systematic Errors
15.1K
Scientists always try their best to record measurements with the utmost accuracy and precision. However, sometimes errors do occur. These errors can be random or systematic. Random errors are observed due to the inconsistency or fluctuation in the measurement process, or variations in the quantity itself that is being measured. Such errors fluctuate from being greater than or less than the true value in repeated measurements. Consider a scientist measuring the length of an earthworm using a...
15.1K