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相关概念视频

Types of Receptors: Cell Surface Receptors01:28

Types of Receptors: Cell Surface Receptors

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Cell-surface receptors, also known as transmembrane receptors, are cell surface, membrane-anchored (integral) proteins that bind to external ligand molecules. This type of receptor spans the plasma membrane and performs signal transduction, converting an extracellular signal into an intracellular signal. Ligands that interact with cell-surface receptors do not have to enter the cell that they affect. Cell-surface receptors are also called cell-specific proteins or markers because they are...
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Global Climate Change01:50

Global Climate Change

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Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
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Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Transcription01:10

Transcription

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Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
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Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

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Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA...
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相关实验视频

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TCRcloud:T细胞和B细胞受体转录的全球可视化工具.

Eric de Sousa1, Joana R Lérias1, Carolina M Gorgulho1

  • 1Immunotherapy/ImmunoSurgery Laboratory and Cell Center, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Avenida Brasília, Lisbon, 1400-038, Portugal.

Journal of translational medicine
|February 7, 2026
PubMed
概括

TCRcloud是一个新的开源平台,用于可视化T细胞受体 (TCR) 和B细胞受体 (BCR) 多样性. 它有助于通过可视化患者的TCR剧目变化来分析对癌症免疫疗法的免疫反应.

关键词:
检查站封锁检查站封锁免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.这种T细胞受体是T细胞受体.在TCR分析中,分析了TCR.TCR多样性的多样性在TCR的曲目中,TCR的曲目包括:TCR 测序的测序方法这就是TIL TIL.瘤抗原是一种抗原.瘤透的淋巴细胞透到瘤中

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科学领域:

  • 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
  • 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
  • 计算生物学 计算生物学

背景情况:

  • 深度T细胞受体 (TCR) 测序分析临床样本中的TCR谱,以了解免疫反应.
  • 克隆T细胞扩张可以是抗原驱动的,也可以是由于在抗癌免疫期间旁观者激活.
  • 现有的TCR组合分析工具缺乏直观可视化功能.

研究的目的:

  • 推出TCRcloud,这是一个开放式访问平台,用于可视化细胞免疫反应中的TCR多样性.
  • 为了解决对TCR变化的直观可视化需求,例如克隆替代,以应对免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 等疗法.
  • 分析胰腺癌患者的现实数据,以证明TCR和B细胞受体 (BCR) 动态.

主要方法:

  • 开发了TCRcloud,这是一个与适应性免疫受体目录 (AIRR) 标准兼容的开源计算工具,用于TCR和BCR数据.
  • 利用公开的数据集,将TCR组成与ICI治疗的临床反应联系起来.
  • 应用TCRcloud可视化三名胰腺癌患者血液和瘤组织的TCR和BCR数据.

主要成果:

  • TCRcloud检查TCR数据仓库的模式,如CDR3长度,独特的转录,融合和各种多样性指数 (D50,Gini,Shannon,Gini-Simpson,Chao1) 等.
  • 该平台可视化了TCR和BCRCDR3区域的氨基酸使用情况.
  • 证明CDR3 TCR数据集中的分子变化与癌症患者的临床反应相关,以及胰腺癌患者样本中的可视化动态.

结论:

  • TCRcloud提供了分子TCR组合和曲目测量的直观可视化.
  • 该平台将多个TCR指数集成到一个单一的雷达图表中,用于全面分析.
  • TCRcloud 便于可视化 V 基因使用和 CDR3 氨基酸频率,从而能够直观地理解 TCR 和 BCR 组成的变化,以应对免疫疗法.