不同认知需求对ACL风险生物力学和前额叶激活的影响在单腿下降跳跃期间
Jesús Jiménez-Martínez1,2, Alejandro Gutiérrez-Capote1,2, Francisco Alarcón-López3
1Faculty of Sports Science, Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
The American journal of sports medicine
|February 7, 2026
概括
在运动运动期间增加的认知负载通过改变生物力学来提高前十字带 (ACL) 损伤风险. 认知控制较差的运动员表现出更高的敏感性,这表明认知功能对于预防伤害至关重要.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 认知负担显著影响前十字带 (ACL) 损伤风险.
- 有限的研究系统地量化了认知负载的生物力学和神经生理学影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同认知负载水平如何影响与ACL损伤风险相关的生物力学因素.
- 检查个人认知表现和ACL损伤风险指标之间的相关性.
- 评估前额叶皮层活动作为心理工作负载的衡量标准.
主要方法:
- 对30名团队运动运动员进行的受控实验室研究.
- 运动员在5个认知负载条件下 (Go/No-Go任务) 进行了单脚垂直跳跃 (SL-DVJ).
- 记录了生物力学,行为,前额叶血动力学数据 (OxyHb) 和认知表现.
主要成果:
- 较高的认知负载增加了峰值地面反应力和改变了膝盖着陆动力学 (减少曲,增加绑架).
- 额前血红蛋白 (OxyHb) 度升高表明皮质活化增加.
- 较差的认知性能 (准确性,响应时间) 与较高的ACL损伤风险生物力学相关.
结论:
- 增加的认知负载会对SL-DVJ生物力学产生负面影响,可能会增加ACL受伤风险.
- 认知控制能力下降的运动员可能更容易受到这些生物力学变化的影响.
- 通过OxyHb测量的前额叶皮层 (PFC) 活动,随着认知需求的增加而增加,反映出执行控制过程.
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