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相关概念视频

Bioavailability: Overview01:17

Bioavailability: Overview

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Bioavailability refers to the proportion of an administered drug that reaches the systemic circulation in its active, unaltered form. It is a crucial pharmacokinetic parameter that determines the effectiveness of a drug in achieving its intended therapeutic outcomes. The route of administration significantly influences bioavailability, with intravenous administration achieving 100% bioavailability as the drug directly enters the bloodstream. In contrast, oral administration often results in...
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Bioavailability refers to the proportion of an unaltered drug that, after administration, enters the systemic circulation and can be distributed to the desired action site. Factors such as gastrointestinal (GI) absorption and liver biotransformation influence the bioavailability of a drug when it is administered orally. When a drug is administered intravenously, it enters the systemic circulation directly; by definition, its bioavailability is assumed to be 100%. The bioavailability of an...
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Bioavailability is a crucial pharmacokinetic parameter that quantifies the proportion of an administered drug that reaches the systemic circulation and is available for therapeutic action. Regulatory agencies mandate the assessment of bioavailability, typically measured as the area under the drug plasma concentration-versus-time curve (AUC), to ensure the efficacy and safety of pharmaceutical products. These evaluations are categorized as absolute and relative bioavailability studies.Absolute...
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Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
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Body:Bioavailability is a critical pharmacological concept that measures the extent and rate at which an active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety enters the systemic circulation, remaining unchanged. It's a pivotal factor in determining a drug's efficacy and safety.The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) plays an essential role in drug development by categorizing drugs into four classes based on their solubility and permeability. This classification aids in understanding drug...
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Bioavailability refers to the extent and rate at which a drug reaches systemic circulation in its active form. Extent refers to the amount of the drug that makes it into circulation, while rate is the speed at which it enters circulation. It is influenced by several factors critical for optimizing drug formulations, dosing regimens, and therapeutic outcomes.Physicochemical properties of drugs and formulationsThe solubility, stability, and dissolution rate of a drug significantly impact its...
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来自小麦和大米的不同生物可用性决定了小鼠通过不同的肠道毒性.

Rong-Yue Xue1, Lu Zhou1, Hong-Bo Li1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Green Resource Recycling, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.

Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
|February 7, 2026
PubMed
概括

与大米相比,以小麦为基础的饮食显著减少了小鼠中的积累. 这是由于营养物质运输体表达的降低和改善肠道健康,降低.

关键词:
胆酸新陈代谢 胆酸新陈代谢便中的Cd排泄食品安全 食品安全我们的肠道微生物群.肠道完整性 肠道完整性肠道金属运输工具 肠道金属运输工具小鼠的肝脏和脏.

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科学领域:

  • 环境健康 环境健康
  • 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
  • 营养科学 营养科学

背景情况:

  • 大米和小麦中 (Cd) 的污染对公众健康构成风险.
  • 主要食品之间Cd生物可用性和毒性差异的机制尚未完全理解.

研究的目的:

  • 调查大米和小麦之间的生物可用性和毒性的机制差异.
  • 为了比较Cd积累,肠道运输和肠道微生物群的影响,在食Cd污染大米和小麦的小鼠中.

主要方法:

  • 给小鼠食含有Cd污染的全麦或抛光大米的饮食.
  • 测量了Cd在肝脏和脏中的积累.
  • 分析了肠道营养物质载体的表达.
  • 评估了肠道微生物群的组成和功能 (例如,胆酸代谢).

主要成果:

  • 与食小鼠相比,小麦食的小鼠在肝脏和脏中的Cd积累量比食小鼠低2倍多.
  • 小麦的较高的铁,和含量降低了肠道输送体的表达.
  • 小麦促进了*Lactobacillus reuteri*的生长,增强了肠道的完整性和Cd的分泌.
  • 小麦上调胆酸代谢,有助于降低Cd的生物可用性.

结论:

  • 与大米相比,食小麦显著降低了Cd的生物可用性和健康风险.
  • 机制包括改变营养物质载体表达和通过微生物群调节改善肠道健康.
  • 研究结果表明,在Cd污染地区,小麦可能是一个更安全的基本食品.