全球对地下水污染的关注趋势和未来的方向
Eunju Jeong1, Jin-Yong Lee1, Stefano Viaroli2
1Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
|February 7, 2026
概括
地下水污染研究表明,从传统污染物转向像PFAS这样的新兴污染物. 目前的修复方法有限,需要先进的战略和政策变化,以有效地保护全球地下水.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 水文地质学 水文地质学
- 水资源管理 水资源管理
背景情况:
- 地下水是关键的淡水来源,面临着传统污染物和新出现的污染物 (CEC) 的威胁.
- 关于地下水污染的研究显著发展,自2004年以来,出版物显著增加,特别是来自中国和印度的出版物.
- 来自非洲和南亚等地区的研究不足凸显了差异,尽管这些地区面临重大地下水挑战.
研究的目的:
- 对从1991年到2024年的地下水污染研究进行文献计量分析.
- 综合研究主题的演变,重点是从传统污染物过渡到CEC.
- 确定地下水监测,监管和修复的当前局限性和未来方向.
主要方法:
- 在1991年至2024年期间,对38,759篇出版物的图书统计分析.
- 主题映射以确定研究主题和地理贡献的趋势.
- 文献综合评估现有和新兴的整治技术和监管框架.
主要成果:
- 2004年以后,科学生产显著增加,主要由中国和印度推动,非洲和南亚代表性不足.
- 从传统污染物 (例如MTBE,TCE) 转向CEC (例如药品,个人护理产品,和多基物质 (PFAS),微塑料) 的明显主题转变.
- 现有的补救技术 (例如,和处理,生物补救) 存在局限性,而先进的方法在成本,副产品形成和验证方面面临挑战.
结论:
- 由于分析和毒理学数据缺口,目前的监管框架对于大多数CEC是不够的.
- 先进的补救技术和治疗训练策略显示出希望,但需要进一步开发和验证.
- 未来的研究应侧重于基于绩效的指标,整合可再生能源,为发展中国家设计低成本的设计,并加强全球数据共享和公平.
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