机器时代的不当行为:在医学成像中对机器学习的法律和道德反应
M T Chau1, K M Spuur1, S White2
1School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, NSW, Australia; Teaching Innovation in Radiography Group, Faculty of Science and Health, Charles Sturt University, NSW, Australia.
Radiography (London, England : 1995)
|February 7, 2026
概括
诊断成像中的人工智能 (AI) 对失职风险和护理标准产生影响. 目前的法律框架在人工智能问责制方面扎,需要更明确的患者安全和临床医生保护指南.
科学领域:
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 法律医学 法律医学
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 越来越多地融入到诊断成像中.
- 这种整合引发了关于不当行为风险,护理的法律标准,责任分配和知情同意的复杂问题.
- 诸如可解释性,自主性和专业责任等道德问题也很突出.
研究的目的:
- 审查人工智能在诊断成像中的采用对不当行为风险和法律标准的影响.
- 评估围绕医疗保健中人工智能的监管发展和伦理考虑.
- 识别人工智能驱动诊断当前法律和伦理框架中的挑战.
主要方法:
- 在诊断成像中对AI的文献综述.
- 分析法律和道德方面的影响.
- 审查监管框架和判例.
主要成果:
- 人工智能支持的图像解释提高了准确性和效率,但重塑了临床实践的期望.
- 在临床医生,组织和开发商之间责任分配的不确定性.
- 不透明的AI模型 (黑子) 阻碍了法律审查,并加剧了自动化偏见.
- 知情同意要求在重大风险或结果不同时披露AI参与.
- 监管倡议 (例如,欧盟人工智能法案) 旨在实现更清晰的治理,但对不当行为指导的发展不足.
结论:
- 现有的法律和道德框架不足以解决人工智能驱动的诊断错误.
- 澄清责任,决策权威和验证对于患者安全和临床医生保护至关重要.
- 需要临床协议和培训来管理人工智能使用,监督和临床医生-算法交互,减轻自动化偏差.
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