身体活动轨迹与跨认知状态的过渡的关联:一项跨国队列研究
Chenlu Hong1, Guangwen Liu1, Boyuan Guan2
1Department of Global Health (CH, GL, BG, YL, YH, YL), School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
概括
在一生中保持更高的体力活动 (PA) 水平显著降低了患轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 和痴呆症的风险. 一致的PA轨迹可以防止老年人认知能力下降.
科学领域:
- 老年学和认知健康学
- 神经退行性疾病的流行病学
- 公共卫生和生活方式干预措施
背景情况:
- 身体活动 (PA) 是预防认知衰退和痴呆症的关键可修改因素.
- 了解PA轨迹对认知健康的长期影响对于老龄化人口至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明PA与认知功能之间存在联系,但轨迹特异性的影响需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 检查不同体力活动 (PA) 轨迹和老年人认知状态的过渡之间的关联.
- 在跨国队列中量化与更高PA轨迹相关的认知衰退风险降低.
- 分析PA轨迹对从没有认知障碍到轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 和痴呆症的进展的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项利用HRS,ELSA,SHARE和MHAS的数据进行的跨国队列研究.
- 基于组的轨迹建模 (GBTM) 根据强度和频率将参与者分为PA轨迹.
- 多状态马尔科夫 (MSM) 模型评估了PA轨迹对三个认知状态的影响:没有损伤,MCI和痴呆症,然后进行元分析.
主要成果:
- 较高的PA轨迹与从没有损伤过渡到MCI的风险降低25% (汇总HR=0.75) 以及MCI进展为痴呆症的风险降低 (汇总HR=0.87).
- 在元分析中没有观察到PA轨迹对MCI认知恢复的显著影响.
- 在研究中,从没有损伤过渡到MCI和MCI到没有损伤,MCI到痴呆的异质性很低,在研究中发现了显著的异质性.
结论:
- 较高的体力活动轨迹表明对认知障碍和痴呆症的发病和进展产生保护作用.
- 这些发现强调了持续体育活动对于维持晚年认知健康的重要性.
- 结果支持公共卫生倡议,促进终身体育活动,以减轻痴呆风险.
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