功能组成和多样性的年龄驱动的变化塑造了农林系统中生态系统服务的提供
Anthony Barbosa1, Beatriz Barbosa1, Tailane Silva Sousa2
1Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Botânica Tropical, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia/Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, 66077-830, Belém, PA, Brazil.
亚马逊的农林系统 (AFS) 表明,较旧的系统可以改善土壤健康和生物质储存. 成熟的AFS的功能特征支持生态系统的稳定性,并降低管理成本,提高弹性.
科学领域:
- 热带生态 热带生态
- 农业林业科学 农业林业科学
- 生态系统服务生态系统服务
背景情况:
- 土地利用密集化简化了热带生物多样性和生态系统服务.
- 农林系统 (AFS) 被推广为可持续的替代品,但AFS年龄对植物特征和生态系统服务的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 评估亚马逊AFS树木物种的功能特征和多样性如何随着系统年龄的变化而发生变化.
- 确定这些功能模式如何影响生态系统功能和调节生态系统服务.
主要方法:
- 在八个不同年龄的AFS中测量了树木物种的地面和地下功能特征.
- 评估生态系统功能 (初级生产力,土壤水调节,土壤保护,营养池) 作为生态系统服务的代理.
- 分析了AFS年龄对功能身份,特征互补性和多功能性的影响.
主要成果:
- AFS年龄系统地改变了树木社区的功能组成,增强了土壤的肥力,保护和生物质储存.
- 长期的AFS表现出对保守策略的特征趋同,支持多功能性并可能降低成本.
- 特定的功能特征 (例如,特定的叶面积,根组织直径) 与土壤保护和水调节有关.
结论:
- 农林规划应纳入功能特征,以提高热带地区的弹性和长期生态系统服务提供.
- AFS在可持续农业中发挥着至关重要的作用,特别是在退化的景观中.
- 在AFS管理中考虑功能特征可以提高稳定性并降低成本.
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