在选择性手术中与术前口腔卫生相关的术后结果:系统性审查和元分析
Tariq Atkin-Jones1, Mutaz Mohamed1, Amir Mohamed1
1Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Anaesthesia, critical care & pain medicine
|February 8, 2026
概括
手术前的口腔卫生显著减少了手术后的感染,如肺炎和手术部位感染. 它还缩短了住院和重症监护室 (ICU) 停留时间 (LOS),改善了手术结果.
科学领域:
- 医学研究 医学研究
- 外科手术的结果
- 感染控制 感染控制
背景情况:
- 手术后并发症增加了患者的发病率和医疗保健费用.
- 手术前的口腔卫生是缓解这些并发症的潜在方法,但其临床应用不一致.
- 这项研究解决了关于手术前口腔卫生的基于证据的指导方针的需求.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和分析术前口腔卫生对术后不良结果的影响.
- 评估口腔卫生干预措施对感染率和住院时间的影响.
- 评估这些影响的证据的确定性.
主要方法:
- 随机对照试验和前性队列研究的系统审查和元分析.
- 在主要的数据库中进行了搜索 (MEDLINE,Embase,Cochrane).
- 分析了包括肺炎,各种感染,住院和重症监护室停留时间 (LOS) 和死亡率在内的结果,使用合并的几率比率和平均差异.
主要成果:
- 分析了19项涉及5757名患者的研究.
- 手术前的口腔卫生显著减少了肺炎 (OR:0.42) 和其他感染 (鼻腔,手术部位,呼吸道).
- 医院LOS (MD: -1.09天) 和ICU LOS (MD: -0.14天) 显著缩短.
结论:
- 手术前的口腔卫生有效地减少了手术后的感染,减少了住院和ICU的时间.
- 常规整合到手术前的方案可以提高手术患者的结果.
- 进一步的研究可能会探索其对死亡率和特定感染类型的影响.
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