针对乙型肝炎和C型肝炎病毒的快速核酸诊断方面的进展:综合性审查
Hsin-Ying Ho1, Chia-Yen Dai2,3,4, I-Jung Feng5
1Institute of BioPharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Reviews in medical virology
|February 8, 2026
概括
在全球范围内,下一代诊断对于诊断慢性病毒性肝炎 (乙型肝炎病毒和型肝炎病毒) 至关重要. 生物传感器和临床检测方面的创新加速了诊断,帮助了世界卫生组织.
科学领域:
- 肝病学和传染病的研究
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 分子诊断学 分子诊断
背景情况:
- 慢性病毒性肝炎 (乙型肝炎病毒[HBV]和型肝炎病毒[HCV]) 是全球主要的健康问题,导致肝硬化,肝细胞癌 (HCC) 和死亡率.
- 世界卫生组织 (WHO) 的目标是到2030年诊断出90%的HBV和HCV感染,需要转向去中心化诊断.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地评估病毒性肝炎目前的诊断环境.
- 审查新兴的生物传感器支持核酸测试 (NAT) 技术,用于病毒性肝炎诊断.
- 确定在开发下一代诊断平台方面的技术进步和挑战.
主要方法:
- 商业测试和新兴NAT技术的系统审查.
- 专注于生物传感器支持的诊断,将异热放大和CRISPR与电化学和场效应晶体管 (FET) 平台相结合.
- 分析将生物化学放大与固态电子相结合的策略.
主要成果:
- 电子传感技术提供无标签的信号传导,微型化和护理点 (POC) 集成.
- 生物传感器的进步显示出克服传统诊断管道的局限性的前景.
- 在样本准备,信号放大和系统集成方面仍然存在挑战.
结论:
- 下一代诊断平台对于加速全球消除病毒性肝炎至关重要.
- 生物传感器和POC测试的技术进步是通过早期,公平的诊断来改善患者的结果的关键.
- 解决当前技术的瓶将促进广泛采用和影响.
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