探索医学教育中的"天赋":一个广泛的审查
Rebecca Preyra1, Sujata Mishra2, Heba Khan3
1MD Candidate, University of Alberta, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Canada.
Perspectives on medical education
|February 9, 2026
概括
在健康专业教育中",人才"一词的定义是不一致的. 这次范围审查发现,大多数研究都专注于识别高潜力的个人,忽视了医学教育中人才的定义和理论框架.
科学领域:
- 医学教育研究 医学教育研究
- 卫生专业教育 (HPE) 项目
- 人才识别和发展 人才识别和发展
背景情况:
- "人才"的概念在卫生专业教育 (HPE) 中经常被使用,但缺乏一致的定义,经常与绩效指标混.
- 现有的文献显示"才华"的解释变化,需要在医学教育背景下更清楚地理解.
研究的目的:
- 进行范围审查,绘制医学教育中的"人才"和相关术语的定义和使用情况.
- 确定这些概念如何在不同教育阶段和特定用例中应用.
主要方法:
- 一个使用Arksey-O'Malley,Levac和PRISMA-ScR方法的综合范围审查.
- 在主要数据库 (OVID-Medline,PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science) 中搜索1946年至2024年5月的研究,包括"人才"",适应性"和"天赋"等术语.
- 包括189项研究的描述性映射和内容分析,分为Tier 1 (直接提到"人才") 和Tier 2 (相关术语).
主要成果:
- 审查了189项研究,其中47项 (25%) 直接提到"人才",142项 (75%) 使用相关术语.
- 大多数文学来自北美 (41%) 和欧洲 (30%).
- 大多数研究 (74%) 专注于识别具有高潜力的个人,特别是在医学院的选择中,对保留,公平或领导力的关注有限.
结论:
- 尽管经常使用"人才",但在医学教育文献中观察到明显缺乏定义的概念框架或理论基础.
- 审查强调需要在HPE中更严格地定义和应用"人才"概念.
- 提出跨学科研究作为一个潜在的途径,以提高在这个领域的人才的概念化和研究.
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