在Puccinia hordei中由来自不同化学类的双成分杀菌剂诱导的种群内变化
M S Gvozdeva1, O A Kudinova1, V D Rudenko1
1Federal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection, Krasnodar, Russia.
Vavilovskii zhurnal genetiki i selektsii
|February 9, 2026
概括
杀菌剂的应用改变了大麦叶的生种群,转移了毒性并减少了病原体的攻击性. 这种防真菌杀菌剂耐药性管理策略影响病原体演变和大麦产量潜力.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物病理学 植物病理学
- 菌类学 菌类学是指菌类学.
背景情况:
- 植物病原体对真菌杀菌剂的耐药性是一个全球性的挑战,降低了作物保护剂的有效性.
- 大麦叶生 (Puccinia hordei) 是俄罗斯的一个重要病原体,对杀剂对其种群动态的影响的研究有限.
- 了解人口内部变化对于有效的疾病管理策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查三醇和斯特罗比林杀菌剂对Puccinia hordei人群内毒性和攻击性的影响.
- 分析P. hordei在北高加索地区不同杀剂应用率下的病原性特征的变化.
- 评估杀菌剂对大麦叶生的潜伏期,化和生存能力的影响.
主要方法:
- 在实地实验中,冬季大麦用两组分真菌杀菌剂 (Delaro,Amistar Extra,Amistar Gold) 处理了50% ,100% ,150%和200%的推剂量.
- 对针对大麦特定抗性基因 (Rph4,Rph5,Rph6+2,Rph12,Rph14,Rph7) 的毒性变化评估.
- 测量病原体的攻击性,包括潜伏期,分泌能力和生存能力.
主要成果:
- 杀菌剂治疗改变了P. hordei的毒性结构,减少了对Rph4,Rph5,Rph6+2,Rph12的毒性分离物的频率,增加了对Rph14的毒性分离物的频率.
- 用杀菌剂治疗的种群的平均毒性低于原始种群,从33.8%到28.5%不等.
- 增加的杀真菌剂率延长了潜伏期,降低了分泌能力,降低了病原体的活力.
结论:
- 杀菌剂的应用诱导了P. hordei毒性和攻击性的化变化,这可能会影响化学保护的有效性.
- 观察到的变化表明,在杀菌剂选择压力下,病原体种群正在演变.
- 管理策略必须考虑这些动态的人口转移,以减轻大麦产量增加和病原体损害.
更多相关视频
06:31Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,6-Ketoesters Mediated by Ionic Liquids: A Three-component Reaction Enabling Rapid Access to a New Class of Low Molecular Weight Gelators
Published on: November 27, 2015
10.0K
08:52Chemical Dimerization-Induced Protein Condensates on Telomeres
Published on: April 12, 2021
3.7K
相关概念视频
Drug Classes and Categories
3.1K
Drugs can be classified according to their chemical composition or their intended therapeutic application. For instance, anti-infective agents that possess the ability to eliminate pathogens or suppress their growth and reproduction can be grouped based on the organisms they target or their chemical structure. Furthermore, drugs can be divided into prescription, nonprescription, or controlled substances. Prescription medications, such as antibiotics, require oversight from a licensed healthcare...
3.1K
Antibody Structure and Classes
9.3K
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are produced by B cells in response to foreign substances, such as bacteria and viruses. These proteins are critical for recognizing and neutralizing these substances, protecting the body from potential harm.
The basic structure of an antibody consists of four protein chains: two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. These chains are held together by disulfide bonds and other non-covalent interactions, forming a Y-shaped structure.
The basic structure of an antibody consists of four protein chains: two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. These chains are held together by disulfide bonds and other non-covalent interactions, forming a Y-shaped structure.
9.3K
Components of Language
825
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
825
Components of Stress
550
Stress analysis under multiple loading conditions is intricate, necessitating a comprehensive grasp of normal and shearing stresses. Consider a small cube at point O, subjected to stress on all six faces, visible or not. Normal stress components σx, σy, σz act perpendicularly to the x, y, and z axes. Shearing stress components τxy and τxz are exerted on faces perpendicular to these axes.
Interestingly, the hidden cube faces also experience these stresses, equal and...
Interestingly, the hidden cube faces also experience these stresses, equal and...
550
Chemical Formulas
61.5K
A chemical formula presents information about the proportions of atoms constituting a particular chemical compound or molecule, mainly using symbols of elements and numbers. At times other symbols, such as dashes, parentheses, brackets, commas, plus, and minus signs, are also used. A chemical formula can be one of three types – molecular, empirical, and structural.
61.5K
Chemical Equations
81.9K
Chemical equations represent the identities and relative quantities of substances involved in a chemical reaction. The substances undergoing reaction are called reactants, and their formulas are placed on the left side of the equation. The substances generated by the reaction are called products, and their formulas are placed on the right side of the equation. Plus signs (+) separate individual reactant and product formulas, and an arrow (→) separates the reactant and product (left and right)...
81.9K
