测试沃森的绿色革命概念在第一千年中亚的适用性
Basira Mir-Makhamad1,2,3, Robert N Spengler1,3
1Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, Kahlaische Straße 10, 07745 Jena, Germany.
概括
来自中亚的考古植物学证据揭示了公元第一千年的作物扩散模式. 棉花和大米等主要作物在伊斯兰征服之前就已被种植,这挑战了中世纪绿色革命模式的某些方面.
科学领域:
- 考古植物学 考古植物学
- 农业历史 农业历史
- 中亚研究是中亚研究.
背景情况:
- 在公元第一千年,全球农业发生了重大发展.
- 了解作物扩散是分析历史强化和多样化的关键.
- 沃森关于中世纪绿色革命的概念为评估这些变化提供了一个框架.
研究的目的:
- 在公元第一千年期间探索中亚的作物扩散.
- 分析农业强化和多样化的文化驱动因素.
- 评估沃森中世纪绿色革命模型对该地区的适用性.
主要方法:
- 中亚 (公元第一千年) 的考古植物学数据的综合摘要.
- 对作物存在和种植时间表的分析.
- 结果与沃森的中世纪绿色革命模型进行比较.
主要成果:
- 棉花 (Gossypium arboretum/herbaceum) 和大米 (Oryza sativa) 的种植早于伊斯兰征服.
- 茄子,无花果,桑,和大的出现时间较晚,其中一些是在公元19世纪首次观察到的.
- 有证据表明,先进的灌和作物旋转系统存在于伊斯兰集权治理之前,与早期城市化有关.
结论:
- 虽然沃森模型的某些元素存在,但其直接适用性需要细微的,特定于区域的评估.
- 中亚的生态和文化多样性需要一种本地化的方法来理解农业历史.
- 该研究强调了该地区作物扩散和农业变化的复杂,长期过程.
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