基于机器学习的干部脂肪百分比估计及其与心脏代谢风险的关联利用两个大型国家队列
Liangming Zeng1, Xuemin Guo1,2, Hesen Wu1
1Clinical Laboratory Center, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, Guangdong, China.
Frontiers in nutrition
|February 9, 2026
概括
一个新的机器学习模型使用简单的测量方法准确估计了干脂肪百分比. 这种干部脂肪测量更好地识别心脏代谢风险,而不是全身脂肪百分比.
科学领域:
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
- 机器学习 机器学习
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 准确评估身体成分,特别是干脂肪百分比,对于确定心脏代谢疾病风险至关重要.
- 测量干部脂肪百分比的传统方法在大规模研究中可能是侵入性的或无法获得的.
- 在公共卫生研究和临床实践中,开发非侵入性,准确的估计干脂肪的方法至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一种机器学习 (ML) 模型,以使用易于获得的人类测量方法来估计干脂肪百分比.
- 为了比较ML衍生的干部脂肪百分比与心脏代谢疾病的传统全身脂肪百分比的歧视性表现.
主要方法:
- 利用国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 数据 (1999-2006,2011-2018) 进行模型开发,使用双能X射线吸收度计 (DXA) 作为干脂肪百分比的黄金标准.
- 评估了六个回归算法,选择XGBoost因为其卓越的性能 (R2=0.8509).
- 使用中国健康与退休纵向研究 (CHARLS) 队列进行了外部验证,通过接受器运行特征曲线 (AUC) 下的区域评估心脏代谢疾病的歧视力.
主要成果:
- XGBoost模型在估计干脂肪百分比方面取得了很高的准确性 (R2=0.8509).
- 一个简化的五变量模型 (性别,腰围,身高,体重,年龄) 保持了全模型准确率的99.3% (R2=0.8450).
- 根据ML估计的干脂肪百分比显示,与全身脂肪百分比相比,对心脏代谢疾病的歧视优越,特别是对于糖尿病 (AUC改善3.22%).
结论:
- 通过使用基本的人类测量测量,开发了一个非常准确和临床上实用的ML模型来估计干脂肪百分比.
- 通过这种ML模型估计的干脂肪百分比,与全身脂肪百分比相比,是识别心脏代谢风险的优越生物标志物.
- 该模型为在流行病学研究和临床环境中进行非侵入性中央脂肪性评估提供了可靠的工具.
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