机器人与医生对比 - - 谁更好地读取近腰骨骨折X射线?
Kyle K Obana1, Mark Ren1, Andrew J Luzzi1
1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
JSES international
|February 9, 2026
概括
在肩部X射线上,ChatGPT-5在识别近腰骨骨折 (PHFx) 的准确性较低. 在临床决策中过度依赖人工智能可能会对患者安全构成风险.
科学领域:
- 整形外科手术 整形外科手术
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
背景情况:
- 像ChatGPT这样的人工智能 (AI) 工具越来越多地用于信息检索.
- 人工智能,特别是ChatGPT-5作为临床决策中的辅助工具的潜力需要评估.
- 这项研究调查了AI在骨科成像中的诊断能力.
研究的目的:
- 评估ChatGPT-5在诊断近腰骨折 (PHFx) 的准确性. 在肩部X射线上.
- 为了评估ChatGPT-5和具有不同经验水平的骨科外科医生之间的interrater可靠性.
- 为了确定AI在区分正常肩部X射线与PHFx的X射线中的性能.
主要方法:
- 分析了70张肩部X射线 (35张PHFx,35张正常) 的数据集.
- 整形外科住院医生,一名同事和一名主治医生独立审查了X射线.
- 使用基于响应的算法对每个x射线进行查询,查询了ChatGPT-5.
主要成果:
- 在PHFx检测中,ChatGPT-5实现了67.1%的整体准确性,其灵敏度为61.8%,特异性为74.3%.
- 人工智能误诊了25.7%的正常X射线,并错误解释了23.5%的PHFx病例.
- 对于各种骨折和关节评估,ChatGPT-5和外科医生的间隔可靠性差到微不足道.
结论:
- 在肩部X射线上,ChatGPT-5在识别和表征近腰骨骨折方面表现出显著的不准确性.
- 目前的生成人工智能工具对于解释肩部放射图片是不可靠的.
- 临床医生应谨慎使用,并限制对AI的依赖,以防止对患者造成伤害.
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