厄瓜多尔胃癌死亡率的性别差异:一个关节点回归分析
J Smith Torres-Roman1, Katherine Simbaña-Rivera2,3, Mabel R Challapa-Mamani2,4
1Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Lima, Peru.
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP
|February 9, 2026
概括
厄瓜多尔的胃癌死亡率正在下降,但仍然存在显著的区域和性别差异. 女性的衰退速度更快,这表明风险因素和医疗保健准入的潜在差异.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 癌症研究 癌症研究
背景情况:
- 胃癌 (GC) 是全球癌症死亡的主要原因之一.
- 到2013年,厄瓜多尔曾经经历过GC作为癌症死亡的主要原因.
- 尽管总体死亡率下降,但GC死亡率仍存在持续的区域和性别差异.
研究的目的:
- 分析厄瓜多尔2004年至2021年胃癌死亡率的性别趋势.
- 确定区域差异和特定的高死亡率省份.
- 调查GC死亡率的年度百分比变化 (APC).
主要方法:
- 来自厄瓜多尔国家统计和人口普查研究所 (INEC) 的全国GC死亡数据 (2004-2021) 的分析.
- 使用SEGI世界标准人口计算年龄标准化死亡率 (ASMR).
- 应用联合点回归来确定死亡率趋势和年均百分比变化 (APC).
主要成果:
- 国家GC死亡率每年在男性下降1.9%,女性下降2.2%.
- 观察到显著的区域差异;沿海地区的男性没有显著下降.
- 埃斯梅拉达斯省呈现出越来越多的GC死亡率趋势 (每年2.8%).
结论:
- 厄瓜多尔的整体GC死亡率正在下降,但区域和性别差异仍然存在.
- 女性GC死亡率的更快下降表明风险因素,医疗保健准入或早期检测的潜在差异.
- 需要有针对性的公共卫生干预措施,以解决胃癌结果持续存在的区域不平等问题.
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