将非处方药列入必需品清单:一个横截面研究
Camila Heredia1, Moizza Zia Ul Haq1, Navindra Persaud1,2
1MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria St, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada.
The International journal of pharmacy practice
|February 9, 2026
概括
全球基本药物清单显示,非处方药 (OTC) 和非处方药 (BTC) 药品的可用性存在显著差异. 监管框架极大地影响了医药的可访问性和安全性,影响了全球的公共卫生结果.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 制药政策 制药政策
- 药品监管条例 药品监管条例
背景情况:
- 非处方药 (OTC) 和非处方药 (BTC) 在全球范围内广泛使用,但它们的可用性在各国之间有很大差异.
- 虽然这些药物提高了医疗保健的可访问性,但它们的滥用或不当管理存在相当大的风险.
- 了解这些模式对于优化公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析OTC和BTC药品在全球国家必需药品清单中的列入情况.
- 评估这些药物对公共卫生的影响,重点关注可访问性,可负担性和所涉及的常见医疗状况.
- 检查管理OTC和BTC药物的监管框架,以平衡可访问性和安全性.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及对158个国家的基本药物清单进行比较分析的横截面研究.
- 评估被归类为OTC或BTC的基本药物的比例.
- 与世界卫生组织的基本药物模型清单进行比较.
主要成果:
- 在不同国家,处方药和非处方药的可用性存在显著的差异.
- 一些国家优先考虑可访问性,将更重要的药物列入OTC,而另一些国家则执行更严格的法规,以防止滥用.
- 纳入模式反映了各种方法来平衡药物获取和安全.
结论:
- 监管框架在确定药物的可访问性和确保安全使用方面发挥着关键作用.
- 在必需药物清单上,OTC和BTC药物可用性的全球模式为政策制定提供了见解.
- 在最大限度地减少危害的同时,优化药品供应需要基于国际比较的明智政策决策.
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