在第一发精神病中对元认知训练的神经认知反应的性别差异:对个性化干预的含义
Marina Verdaguer-Rodríguez1,2,3,4, Josep Oriol Comas1,2, Raquel López-Carrilero1,2,4
1Etiopatogènia i Tractament dels Trastorns Mentals Greus (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain.
Archives of women's mental health
|February 9, 2026
概括
超认知训练 (MCT) 在第一发精神病 (FEP) 中改善了神经认知. 患有FEP的妇女在MCT的短期回忆中表现出特别的收益,这表明个性化认知策略是有益的.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 神经认知障碍是精神病的核心,影响长期结果.
- 在第一发精神病 (FEP) 中神经认知中的性别差异已被记录,但不一致.
- 关于超认知干预如何在FEP中对性别不同影响神经认知的研究有限.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究性差异的有效性超认知训练 (MCT) 对于神经认知结果的个人与FEP.
- 为了比较MCT对神经认知的影响与标准的精神教育干预.
- 探索潜在的性-通过干预相互作用在认知改善.
主要方法:
- 122名FEP患者被随机分配到超认知训练 (MCT) 或精神教育.
- 神经认知性能在基线和6个月后随访时使用综合测试电池进行评估.
- 一般线性模型分析了干预,性别和相互作用效应,有和没有共变量调整.
主要成果:
- 与精神教育相比,MCT显著改善了即时回忆,处理速度,认知灵活性,抑制控制和注意力.
- 立即回忆和Stroop干扰的改善在调整后仍然显著.
- 接受MCT的女性表现出增强的短期回忆力,这是一个显著的性别对干预效应.
结论:
- 超认知训练 (MCT) 有效地增强了第一发精神病 (FEP) 的特定神经认知功能.
- 在患有FEP的女性中,MCT特别有望改善口头记忆过程.
- 根据性别和诊断因素定制早期精神病干预措施至关重要,MCT是潜在的个性化策略.
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