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Updated: Feb 11, 2026

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改善急性病患者在急性医院接受阿片类药物激动剂治疗的干预措施:范围审查
Dan Lewer1,2, Nerissa Tilouche3, Molly Bradbury4
1Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom.
PLOS mental health
|February 9, 2026
概括
使用非法阿片类药物的住院患者往往无法获得阿片类药物激动剂治疗 (OAT). 最近的北美举措集中在成咨询团队和急诊室布普伦诺啡启动上,以改善OAT的获取.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 成 药物 药物 药物 药物
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 使用非法阿片类药物的住院患者经常经历负面的结果,这是由于对阿片类药物激动剂治疗 (OAT) 的获取有限.
- 改善急性护理机构的OAT可用性对于患者的福祉和护理的连续性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 对旨在增加医院患者获得OAT的干预措施进行范围审查.
- 识别和分类不同的干预策略及其报告的有效性.
主要方法:
- 搜索了多个数据库 (MEDLINE,EMBASE,PsychINFO,CINAHL) 查找2024年7月29日之前发表的相关研究.
- 包括在急性住院或急诊室的干预措施.
- 提取了有关干预特征,地点,研究设计,质量和有效性的数据.
主要成果:
- 确定了57项研究,主要来自美国,自2015年以来发表.
- 三种主要的干预类别:急诊室OAT启动 (26项研究),多学科成咨询团队 (18项研究) 和一般临床团队能力建设 (13项研究).
- 共同的组成部分包括临床教育和退院后OAT连续性措施;然而,评估方法通常很弱.
结论:
- 北美最近的努力集中在成咨询团队和ED布诺芬启动上.
- 虽然正式的评估有限,但这些模型为国家政策和研究提供了潜在的框架.
- 需要进一步研究和强大的评估设计,以确认这些干预措施的有效性.
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