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相关概念视频

Elements and Compounds01:27

Elements and Compounds

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Pure substances consist of only one type of matter. A pure substance can be an element or a compound. An element consists of only one type of atom, while a compound consists of two or more types of atoms held together by a chemical bond.
Elements
Elements are classified as atomic or molecular based on the nature of their basic units. They are unique forms of matter with specific chemical and physical properties that cannot break down into smaller substances by ordinary chemical reactions. There...
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Key Elements for Plant Nutrition02:35

Key Elements for Plant Nutrition

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Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the...
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The Periodic Table and Organismal Elements00:57

The Periodic Table and Organismal Elements

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Overview
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Common Ion Effect03:24

Common Ion Effect

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Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Châtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
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Periodic Classification of the Elements04:00

Periodic Classification of the Elements

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The periodic table arranges atoms based on increasing atomic number so that elements with the same chemical properties recur periodically. When their electron configurations are added to the table, a periodic recurrence of similar electron configurations in the outer shells of these elements is observed. Because they are in the outer shells of an atom, valence electrons play the most important role in chemical reactions. The outer electrons have the highest energy of the electrons in an atom...
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Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Compartment Models01:14

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Compartment Models

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Compartmental analysis is a widely adopted approach to characterizing drug pharmacokinetics. It uses compartment models that conceptualize the body as a collection of reversibly communicating compartments, each representing a group of tissues exhibiting similar drug distribution characteristics. The movement rate of the drug between these compartments is typically described by first-order kinetics.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure
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专家共识 开发新生儿脑病研究的住院常见数据元素的专家共识方法.

Eric S Peeples1,2,3, Ulrike Mietzsch4,5, Eleanor J Molloy6,7

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha.

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概括

研究人员开发了共同数据元素 (CDE),以在全球注册表中标准化新生儿脑病 (NE) 和缺氧缺血脑病 (HIE) 数据收集. 该倡议旨在提高NE和HIE成果研究的质量和可比性.

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科学领域:

  • 新生儿医学 新生儿医学
  • 临床研究方法论临床研究方法论
  • 数据科学是数据科学.

背景情况:

  • 新生儿脑病变 (NE),包括缺氧缺血脑病变 (HIE),导致全球显著的发病率和死亡率.
  • 现有的NE/HIE数据注册表缺乏标准化数据收集,只有0.3%的变量在国际注册表中一致报告.
  • 这种不一致性阻碍了对比分析和质量改进工作.

研究的目的:

  • 为新生儿脑病变 (NE) 和缺氧缺血脑病变 (HIE) 登记处开发一套标准化常见住院患者数据元素 (CDE).
  • 为了实现未来的协调,并提高国际NE/HIE研究小组收集的数据的质量.

主要方法:

  • 采用了经过修改的Delphi方法,涉及14名国际NE专家.
  • 专家们将1281个先前识别的变量分为"核心"",补充"或"不需要收集".
  • 通过共识会议和来自全球注册表领导人和会议与会者的反,清单草案得到了完善.

主要成果:

  • 最终建立了164个核心和225个补充CDE的最终组.
  • 这些元素分为11个不同的领域,涵盖人口统计,怀孕,分娩,治疗干预和结果.
  • 这些领域包括人口统计,怀孕/劳动/分娩,分娩室,运输,酸,治疗性低温,神经监测/发作,神经成像,实验室值,医院过程和出院.

结论:

  • 开发的CDE代表了标准化NE/HIE研究和报告的关键一步.
  • 标准化将促进该领域更有效,更强大的临床研究.
  • 未来的研究应该专注于定义HIE和开发CDE,以获得长期的,以家庭为中心的后续数据.