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登革热疫苗有效性:来自巴西南部为期6年的基于人口的队列研究的结果

Karin Regina Luhm^1,2, Silvia Emiko Shimakura^2,3, Sonia Mara Raboni¹

¹Department of Public Health, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene

|February 9, 2026

概括

登革热疫苗Dengvaxia在巴西的可能登革热病例中显示出34%的有效性. 疫苗接种减少了登革热病毒 (DENV) -1 和DENV-4的感染,特别是在老年人中,这表明它在高负担地区的价值.

科学领域:

* * 公共卫生公共卫生
* 传染病传染病
* 疫苗学疫苗学疫苗学

背景情况:

*登革热是一个重大的全球卫生挑战,具有重大的社会和经济后果.
*巴西实施了大规模的Dengvaxia®疫苗接种活动,因此评估其现实世界的有效性至关重要.
*了解疫苗有效性 (VE) 对于为公众健康策略提供信息至关重要.

研究的目的:

* 评估Dengvaxia®疫苗在巴西人群中的6年有效性.
* 评估VE与可能的登革热病例 (PDC),实验室确认的登革热病例以及严重的结局.
*在不同登革热病毒血清型和人口群体中分析VE.

主要方法:

*采用基于人口的队列研究设计.
*六年来收集的数据包括可能发生的登革热病例,实验室确认的登革热病例,警告信号,住院病例和死亡病例.
*疫苗的有效性是通过比较接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的个体之间的结果来计算的.

主要成果:

* 总体VE为PDCs的34%和实验室确认的登革热病例的20%.
* 疫苗在老年人中显示出更高的有效性,并减少了DENV-1和DENV-4感染,但不是DENV-2.
*可能登革热病例住院的VE为16.5%,在严重病例或死亡中没有显著差异.

结论:

*Dengvaxia®疫苗接种与登革热发病率的减少有关,特别是针对DENV-1和DENV-4.
*虽然总体VE低于50%,但疫苗在登革热负担高的地区仍然可能是有益的.
*需要进一步的研究来了解 VE 跨血清型和长期影响,特别是在严重疾病方面.

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