以来源为导向的垂直分区和在亚热带森林土壤特征中的微量金属的分层风险评估
Juan Li1, Tiantian Li1, Wenrui Zhao1
1Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Monitoring and Productivity Improvement of Cultivated Land, College of Resources and Environment, Anqing Normal University, Anhui, 246011, PR China.
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
|February 9, 2026
概括
这项研究揭示了微量金属如何在森林土壤中垂直分布,其中一些金属如和由于污染而在表面层中积累,而其他金属则来自岩石. 土壤表层构成最高的生态风险.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
- 地质化学 地质化学
背景情况:
- 了解微量金属分离对于评估森林生态系统中的生物地球化学循环和生态风险至关重要.
- 亚热带森林是重要的生态系统,其微量金属动态影响环境健康.
- 森林土壤分层在金属储存和流动性中起着关键作用.
研究的目的:
- 调查森林土壤层中八种微金属 (,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Ni,Pb,Zn) 的垂直分布,储存,来源和生态风险.
- 在亚热带森林中区分人类和地质来源的微量金属.
- 评估不同土壤地平线中跟踪金属积累相关的生态风险.
主要方法:
- 系统取样有机 (Oi,Oe+Oa) 和矿物土壤层 (0-100厘米).
- 对八种微量金属 (As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Ni,Pb,Zn) 的分布和储存进行分析.
- 使用丰富系数和潜在的生态风险指数 (RI) 进行生态风险评估.
- 评估土壤特性 (pH,散装密度) 和根丰富指数对金属生物可用性产生影响.
主要成果:
- 观察到由金属来源驱动的明显的垂直分布模式:Cd和Pb在表面层中丰富 (人类输入),As,Cr,Cu,Ni,Zn随着深度的增加 (儿童起源),Hg显示出双源签名.
- 森林地板,特别是Oi地平线,充当了大气沉积的高效过器,对几种金属具有高缩因子.
- 矿石土壤是微金属的长期占主导地位的储备.
- 上层土壤 (0-5厘米) 被确定为高风险区域 (RI > 300).
- 的植物可用性在更深层仍然较高,受根介导过程的影响.
- 土壤的特性,如pH值和散装密度,根据它们的来源对金属的分布产生了异质的影响.
结论:
- 森林土壤的有机层有效地拦截了大气中的微量金属沉积,而矿物土壤则作为长期的沉降池.
- 表面土壤带来了重大的生态风险,需要有针对性的管理策略.
- 微量金属的生物可用性受到总含量和土壤特性的影响,根活性起着关键作用.
- 对于森林生态系统来说,分层风险管理方法是必不可少的,考虑到表面拦截和地下动员潜力.
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