激素替代疗法的癌症风险:叙述性审查
Gabriella Yongue1,2, Zachary Nash2,3, Vikram Talaulikar2,3
1University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.
BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
|February 9, 2026
概括
激素替代疗法 (HRT) 对更年期症状和骨健康有效,但过去的癌症问题仍然存在. 本综述阐明了HRT的风险和益处,以便为患者做出明智的决策,特别是对于癌症幸存者.
科学领域:
- 生殖内分泌学 生殖内分泌学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 妇女健康 妇女健康
背景情况:
- 激素替代疗法 (HRT) 是治疗更年期症状和预防骨质疏松症的主要治疗方法.
- 过去的研究将HRT与癌症风险增加联系起来,引起了争议,影响了临床实践和患者的看法.
- 癌症幸存者或具有遗传风险的人因潜在的癌症促进而面临对HRT使用的担忧.
研究的目的:
- 综合审查关于HRT安全性和有效性的证据.
- 为临床医生提供概述,以指导患者讨论HRT风险和益处.
- 在包括癌症幸存者在内的各种患者群体中,促进关于HRT的共享,知情的决策.
主要方法:
- 关于HRT,更年期症状,癌症风险和生存率的现有研究的文献综述.
- 关于HRT在各种环境中的相对安全性的证据分析.
- 综合信息,为患者咨询创建临床概述.
主要成果:
- HRT有效地管理更年期的血管运动和生殖泌尿系统症状.
- 在减轻骨质疏松症等长期风险方面,HRT提供了显著的好处.
- 尽管过去存在争议,但目前的证据表明对HRT安全性的理解有细微差别,特别是在考虑个人风险因素时.
结论:
- HRT仍然是绝经症状管理和骨健康的基石.
- 解决患者和临床医生对癌症风险的担忧对于适当的HRT利用至关重要.
- 考虑风险和益处的知情决策对于优化更年期妇女的生活质量至关重要,包括癌症幸存者.
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