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重组杆菌疫苗与痴呆症风险降低有关

Emily Rayens¹, Lina S Sy², Lei Qian²

¹Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA. Emily.X.Rayens@kp.org.

Nature communications

|February 9, 2026

概括

在65岁及以上的成年人中,两剂重组疹疫苗 (RZV) 显著降低了51%的痴呆风险. 在考虑了潜在的偏见后,这种保护作用仍然存在,突出显示了RZV在认知健康中的作用.

科学领域:

老年学与公共卫生
传染病流行病学传染病流行病学
神经科学与衰老问题

背景情况:

疹疫苗接种与痴呆症风险降低有关.
重组疹疫苗 (RZV) 是老年人带状疹的广泛使用的预防措施.
了解RZV对痴呆风险的影响对于公共卫生战略至关重要.

研究的目的:

调查两剂RZV疫苗接种与65岁及以上成年人痴呆风险之间的关联.
量化与RZV疫苗接种相关的痴呆风险降低.
评估观察到的关联中的潜在偏差,例如健康疫苗偏差.

主要方法:

使用凯泽永久南加利福尼亚州会员数据进行了一项回顾性匹配队列研究.
参与者包括65,800名接受两剂RZV的个人和263,200名未接种疫苗的匹配个人.
使用考克斯回归与治疗权重的逆概率来估计调整后的危险比率 (aHR).

主要成果:

两剂RZV疫苗接种与51%的痴呆风险降低有关 (aHR:0.49;95%CI:0.46-0.51).
风险降低在各种年龄,种族和种族群体中是一致的,但在女性中更为明显.
在调整了健康疫苗偏差后,RZV疫苗接种仍然与较低的痴呆风险相关 (aHR:0.73;95%CI:0.67-0.79).

结论:

两剂复合性疹疫苗 (RZV) 在统计学上与65岁及以上成年人痴呆风险显著降低有关.
这些发现表明,除了预防带状疹外,RZV疫苗接种还有神经保护性益处.
接种RZV疫苗是减轻老年人群痴呆风险的一个有希望的策略.

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