在输血前检测中发现的不兼容交叉匹配的血清和临床评估
Anisha Badoni1, Anuradha Kusum1, Manish Raturi2
1Department of Pathology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, IND.
Cureus
|February 10, 2026
概括
输血前的测试确定了所有抗体作为不兼容交叉匹配的主要原因. 自体抗体和达拉图穆马布干扰也发挥了重要作用,强调需要个性化免疫血液学评估,以确保输血安全.
科学领域:
- 输血医学 输血医学
- 免疫血液学 免疫血液学
- 临床病理学 临床病理学
背景情况:
- 输血前检测对于预防输血反应至关重要.
- 意想不到的alloantibodies,自抗体和单克隆抗体干扰是不兼容交叉匹配的常见原因.
- 常规输血实践要求在不兼容的交叉匹配中评估血清学模式.
研究的目的:
- 评估不兼容交叉匹配的血清学模式.
- 分析不兼容的交叉匹配的临床关联.
- 评估常规输血实践中不兼容的交叉匹配的诊断考虑因素.
主要方法:
- 在18个月内对34631个包装红细胞 (PRBC) 的交叉匹配进行了横截面研究.
- 包括46个主要不兼容的交叉匹配进行详细分析.
- 免疫血液学测试包括直接库姆斯测试 (DCT),间接库姆斯测试 (ICT),抗体面板和达拉图穆马布干扰评估.
主要成果:
- 艾洛抗体 (52.1%) 是不兼容性最常见的原因,其次是自身抗体 (34.8%) 和达拉图穆马布干扰 (13.0%).
- 自体抗体与DCT阳性病例有关,而达拉图马布干扰发生在DCT阴性病例中.
- 发现了抗体类型和年龄,临床诊断,输血史和壮症之间的显著关联.
结论:
- 艾洛抗体是不兼容交叉匹配的主要原因,但自身抗体和达拉图穆马布干扰具有临床意义.
- 人口和诊断因素与抗体类型有很强的相关性,需要个性化免疫血液学评估.
- 结构化诊断算法对于解决不兼容的交叉匹配和提高输血安全至关重要.
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