在肌的生理学,病态学和治疗选择的概述
Markus Jaschke1, Lukas Kolodziej2, Chiara Huebotter2
1Department of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Oncology of the Musculoskeletal System, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland. markus-jaschke@web.de.
Cell and tissue research
|February 10, 2026
概括
肌退行导致慢性疼痛和功能障碍,由于细胞变化和压力. 了解这些机制是开发更好的肌病治疗方法的关键.
科学领域:
- 肌肉骨系统疾病 肌肉骨系统疾病
- 肌生物学 肌生物学
- 再生医学是一种再生医学.
背景情况:
- 肌退化和肌病导致慢性疼痛和功能障碍.
- 危险因素包括衰老,过度使用,肥胖和药物,导致原失调,新血管化和细胞外基质改变.
- 关键的病理过程包括十细胞亡,矩阵金属蛋白酶活性和机械应激.
研究的目的:
- 审查肌退化背后的生物学机制.
- 突出目前肌病治疗中的挑战.
- 强调有针对性的治疗策略的必要性.
主要方法:
- 关于肌退化最近研究的文献综述.
- 分析病理变化和细胞机制.
- 目前和新兴治疗方式的概述.
主要成果:
- 肌退化涉及复杂的细胞和矩阵变化.
- 愈合发生在三个重叠的阶段:炎症,增殖/修复和重塑.
- 目前的治疗方法包括保守的 (异常负荷,物理疗法) 和再生的 (PRP,干细胞,激光疗法) 方法.
结论:
- 了解肌退化的生物基础至关重要.
- 开发有针对性的疗法对于改善患者的治疗结果至关重要.
- 对再生医学的进一步研究有望为肌病治疗提供希望.
相关概念视频
00:55Skeletal Muscle Anatomy
Skeletal muscle is the most abundant type of muscle in the body. Tendons are the connective tissue that attaches skeletal muscle to bones. Skeletal muscles pull on tendons, which in turn pull on bones to carry out voluntary movements.
01:22Connective Tissue Cell Types
Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm of a developing embryo and consists of cells, fibers, and ground substance: a gel-like material containing large complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. Connective tissue was first identified as a separate tissue family in the 18th century, and Johannes Peter Muller coined the term connective tissue.
Fat cells (adipocytes), smooth muscle cells (myoblasts), and bone cells (osteoblasts) are some connective tissue cell types. Some immune system cells...
Fat cells (adipocytes), smooth muscle cells (myoblasts), and bone cells (osteoblasts) are some connective tissue cell types. Some immune system cells...
01:15Overview of Skeletal Muscle
Skeletal muscles are composed of a bundle of muscle fibers and are attached to bones through tendons. Each skeletal muscle fiber is a single muscle cell. The sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell, consists of a lipid bilayer and glycocalyx that supports muscle fibers. The sarcolemma extends into the muscle cells to form tubular structures called transverse or T-tubules. Each side of the T-tubules consists of a membrane-bound structure called the sarcoplasmic reticulum,...
01:25Overview of Muscle Tissues
The human body has three types of muscle tissue: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Each class has unique properties that enable them to perform specific functions. However, all muscle tissues share certain properties, including elasticity, contractility, and excitability.
Elasticity
Elasticity is the ability of muscles to stretch and return to their original shape. This property is partly due to elastic fibers — macromolecules that run through the muscles. These fibers are firm and resilient,...
Elasticity
Elasticity is the ability of muscles to stretch and return to their original shape. This property is partly due to elastic fibers — macromolecules that run through the muscles. These fibers are firm and resilient,...
01:28Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle
The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...