环境对多发性硬化症患者社区参与的影响:一项混合方法研究
Bishan Yang1, Ivan Molton1, Andrew Humbert1
1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America.
PloS one
|February 10, 2026
概括
环境和个人因素对多发性硬化症患者 (PwMS) 的社区参与有重大影响. 改善物理,社会和态度环境对于增强PwMS至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 康复科学 康复科学 康复科学
- 环境心理学 环境心理学
背景情况:
- 社区参与对于患有多发性硬化症 (PwMS) 患者的福祉至关重要.
- 了解环境因素 (EF) 和个人因素 (PF) 之间的相互作用对于促进参与至关重要.
- 现有的研究往往忽视了EF和PF对PwMS社区参与的综合影响.
研究的目的:
- 研究环境因素 (EF) 和个人因素 (PF) 如何影响多发性硬化症 (PwMS) 患者的社区参与.
- 确定对PwMS社区参与最具影响的特定EF和PF.
- 确定干预和环境修改领域,以加强社区参与PwMS.
主要方法:
- 采用混合方法的解释顺序设计,整合定量和定性数据.
- 定量分析涉及多重线性回归,使用患者报告的结果和来自100个PwMS的GPS数据来评估五个EF,五个PF和六个参与结果之间的关联.
- 通过对24个PwMS (移动辅助用户和非用户) 的焦点组进行主题分析,收集了定性数据,以探索他们对环境影响参与的实践经验.
主要成果:
- 个人因素 (PF) 显著预测了五个社区参与结果,解释了13%-48%的差异.
- 环境因素 (EFs) 独一无二地为参与满意度 (11%) 和活动空间 (11%) 贡献,即使在考虑了PFs之后.
- 感知到的财务资源,社会支持和社区安全成为影响参与的关键环境影响因素,而定性数据强调了建筑环境中的挑战和态度障碍,特别是对于移动援助用户.
结论:
- 社区参与PwMS是一个复杂的现象,受到个人和环境因素的影响.
- 环境因素,特别是感知到的财务资源,社会支持和社区安全,在塑造参与体验和结果方面发挥着重要作用.
- 针对建筑环境,信息可访问性,医疗保健服务和公众态度的有针对性的改进对于PwMS来说至关重要,以促进更大的社区包容性.
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