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相关概念视频

ATP Driven Pumps I: An Overview01:27

ATP Driven Pumps I: An Overview

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ATP-driven pumps, also known as transport ATPases, are integral membrane proteins. They have binding sites for ATP located on the membrane's cytosolic side and the ion-conducting domain in the transmembrane region. These pumps use the free energy released from ATP hydrolysis to move the solutes across cell membranes against an electrochemical gradient.
There are four main types of ATP-driven pumps - P-type, V-type, F-type, and ABC transporter. All these pumps are of varying complexities and...
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Xylem and Transpiration-driven Transport of Resources02:03

Xylem and Transpiration-driven Transport of Resources

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The xylem of vascular plants distributes water and dissolved minerals that are taken up by the roots to the rest of the plant. The cells that transport xylem sap are dead upon maturity, and the movement of xylem sap is a passive process.
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ATP Driven Pumps II: P-type Pumps01:34

ATP Driven Pumps II: P-type Pumps

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The P-type pumps are a large family of integral membrane transporter ATPases. They are divided into five major types based on substrate specificity, from I to V.
A typical P-type pump has three cytosolic domains: nucleotide-binding (N), phosphorylation (P), and activator (A) domains. These domains are connected to the membrane-spanning helices by short amino acid segments. ATP hydrolysis and covalent phosphoenzyme intermediate formation are crucial parts of the catalytic cycle. At the highly...
6.5K
ATP Driven Pumps III: V-type Pumps01:30

ATP Driven Pumps III: V-type Pumps

4.9K
V-type pumps are ATP-driven pumps found in the vacuolar membranes of plants, yeast, endosomal and lysosomal membranes of animal cells, plasma membranes of a few specialized eukaryotic cells, and some prokaryotes. They are also known as the V1Vo-ATPase, that couple ATP hydrolysis to transport protons against a concentration gradient.
The peripheral or cytosolic V1 domain with eight subunits is involved in ATP hydrolysis. The integral or transmembrane V0 domain containing at least five subunits...
4.9K
Secondary Active Transport01:55

Secondary Active Transport

138.2K
One example of how cells use the energy contained in electrochemical gradients is demonstrated by glucose transport into cells. The ion vital to this process is sodium (Na+), which is typically present in higher concentrations extracellularly than in the cytosol. Such a concentration difference is due, in part, to the action of an enzyme “pump” embedded in the cellular membrane that actively expels Na+ from a cell. Importantly, as this pump contributes to the high concentration of...
138.2K
Primary Active Transport01:47

Primary Active Transport

200.7K
In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps that are embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction...
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Synthesis, Cellular Delivery and In vivo Application of Dendrimer-based pH Sensors
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基化异能染色体能够提供多价值的狄克洛芬,用于ROS驱动的抗癌活性.

Arunika Singh1, Natalia Sanz Del Olmo1,2,3, Michael Malkoch1

  • 1Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden.

ACS applied materials & interfaces
|February 10, 2026
PubMed
概括

工程 dendrimers 有效地提供双甲,一种抗炎药物,作为癌症治疗. 纳米载体显示改善了癌细胞的杀死,并减少了对健康细胞的毒性,提供了一个有前途的药物重定位策略.

关键词:
通过PEGylation进行化.ROS活动活动ROS活动活动抗癌治疗药物 抗癌治疗药物同价联联是共价联的一种.细胞毒性 细胞毒性迪克洛芬雅克重新定位使用.功能异性的聚树脂树状体.

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科学领域:

  • 纳米医学是一种纳米医学.
  • 药物运输 药物运输 药物运输
  • 癌症治疗方法 癌症治疗方法

背景情况:

  • 癌症药物开发面临高昂的成本和有限的成功,需要药物重新定位.
  • 迪克洛芬雅 (Diclofenac) 是一种NSAID,显示出抗癌潜力,但具有较差的溶解性和快速清除.
  • 需要新的纳米载体来提高迪克洛芬雅克的化疗适用性.

研究的目的:

  • 为了设计PEGylated异能功能聚树枝状体 (HFDs) 进行可控的迪克洛芬雅克输送.
  • 评估用迪克洛菲纳克装载的高形电路器的抗癌疗效和选择性.
  • 研究作用机制,包括产生活性氧物种 (ROS).

主要方法:

  • 通过铜 (I) 催化亚酸-基环添加 (CuAAC) 来结合迪克洛芬雅克.
  • 通过无水化合物化进行外周PEGylation.
  • 描述G1和G2树突构造 (G1-(Dicl) 3-(mPEG) 6和G2-(Dicl) 9-(mPEG) 12) 的特征.
  • 在癌症和纤维细胞细胞系中细胞毒性的体外评估.
  • ROS水平评估和机制研究.

主要成果:

  • 形成了两核纳米结构,其水力动力直径为170-330nm.
  • G1-(Dicl) 3-(mPEG) 6在1-10μM时显示出显著的癌细胞活力减少 (50-70%) 与对纤维细胞的高选择性 (>20倍改善治疗指数).
  • 这两种树枝状物都在显著低于自由二二的度上诱导了ROS,与细胞毒性相关.
  • G2-(Dicl) 9-(mPEG) 12 显示出强效但细胞系依赖的活性.

结论:

  • HFD是一种多功能纳米医学平台,用于重新定位像迪克洛芬雅克这样的药物.
  • 在癌症治疗中,G1树突分子提供了最佳的疗效,选择性和转化潜力的平衡.
  • 通过ROS介导的细胞毒性是二二烯酸载荷树枝状体的关键机制.