图表式基础模型作为当地手术风险预测的新可移植标准
Chris Varghese1, Elizabeth Habermann2, Kristine Hanson3
1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Surgery, University of Auckland, Auckland, NZ. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/chrisvarghese98.
Surgery
|February 10, 2026
概括
一个新的表式基础模型显著提高了急诊手术中手术风险预测的准确性. 这种人工智能方法增强了当地风险分层,即使在有限的特定站点数据下,也提供了更好的性能.
科学领域:
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
- 手术结果研究研究.
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 手术风险分层通常是局部特定的,全球基础设施有限,用于准确的手术前评估.
- 在大型合成数据集上训练的基础模型为域特定风险预测提供了潜力.
- 评估表式基础模型在紧急手术中对局部风险分层的实用性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估基于变压器的表式基础模型在改善紧急手术局部风险分层方面的作用.
- 为了比较基础模型的性能与传统方法,如物流回归和梯度增强.
- 确定模型在各种特定地点的队列中的有效性,包括那些数据有限的队列.
主要方法:
- 基于变压器的表式基础模型应用于来自美国外科医生学院国家外科质量改进计划数据库的机构数据.
- 性能与后勤回归和XGBoost模型进行了比较.
- 比较包括整体性能,特定站点的队列 (n=5),以及在单站与多站数据上训练的模型.
- 评估的关键结果是30天死亡率和发病率.
主要成果:
- 表式基础模型在预测30天的发病率和死亡率方面表现出卓越的表现,在接收器操作特征曲线 (0.82-0.89) 和精度回忆曲线 (0.35-0.68) 下获得更高的区域.
- 这款车型表现出极好的校准,与传统车型相比,布赖尔分数较低 (0.04-0.15).
- 它的高性能在较小的特定站点数据集中保持不变,单站点训练模型的性能与多站点训练的传统模型相比.
结论:
- 图表式基础模型可以提高获得高性能外科风险分层的机会.
- 这种便携式方法有效地处理缺失的数据,并显示出强大的比较性能,即使在较小的数据集中.
- 基础模型为改善全球紧急手术中手术前风险评估提供了一个有希望的途径.
相关概念视频
01:20Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other
270
According to George Herbert Mead, as children progress beyond the game stage, they develop a more comprehensive understanding of societal rules and norms. This cognitive and social development enables them to internalize the expectations of the broader community, refining their ability to regulate behavior.Consistent participation in organized activities is crucial in helping children recognize that their actions are not isolated but contribute to a more significant, interconnected group...
270
01:24Physiological Foundation of Stress
707
Stress triggers a coordinated physiological response involving the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This dual activation ensures that the body is prepared for both immediate and prolonged stress management. The process begins with the perception of a stressor. This initial phase activates the SNS, leading to the rapid release of adrenaline (epinephrine) from the adrenal glands.
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Adrenaline triggers the...
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Adrenaline triggers the...
707
03:02Standard Electrode Potentials
50.5K
On comparing the reactivity of silver and lead, it is observed that the two ionic species, Ag+ (aq) and Pb2+ (aq), show a difference in their redox reactivity towards copper: the silver ion undergoes spontaneous reduction, while the lead ion does not. This relative redox activity can be easily quantified in electrochemical cells by a property called cell potential. This property is commonly known as cell voltage in electrochemistry, and it is a measure of the energy which accompanies the charge...
50.5K
01:30Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Practice
17.7K
Theories play an essential role in organizing patient care. Theories refer to a proposed or followed belief, policy, or procedure that is the basis for action. Nursing theories are knowledge-based concepts that guide nurses' actions, influence nursing education and practice, and allow nurses to care for their patients.
Theories provide a perspective to assess patients' conditions and organize data and methods. They also assist in analyzing and interpreting information. They represent a...
Theories provide a perspective to assess patients' conditions and organize data and methods. They also assist in analyzing and interpreting information. They represent a...
17.7K
02:27Predicting Molecular Geometry
46.1K
VSEPR Theory for Determination of Electron Pair Geometries
46.1K
01:24Social Foundations of Self I: Play and Game
231
The development of self in children is deeply rooted in social interactions, mainly through stages of play and structured games. These stages, outlined by sociologist George Herbert Mead, illustrate how children progressively learn to understand and adopt social roles, forming a cohesive sense of self.The Play Stage: Imitation and Simple Role-TakingIn the early years of childhood, the play stage is characterized by imitative behavior, where children engage in role-playing based on familiar...
231