蝙蝠 SARS-CoV-2 和蝙蝠 SARS2 类冠状病毒对蝙蝠受体识别的结构基础
Fu-Chun Hsueh1,2, Ke Shi3, Hideki Aihara4
1Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Communications biology
|February 10, 2026
概括
由于特定的相互作用,SARS-CoV-2受体结合域 (RBD) 强烈结合人类ACE2. 像BANAL-52这样的相关蝙蝠冠状病毒显示出不同的结合偏好,为COVID-19起源提供了进化洞察力.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 冠状病毒适应以有效地结合宿主受体.
- 尽管适应时间有限,SARS-CoV-2的受体结合域 (RBD) 对人类ACE2的高度亲和力仍然是一个.
- 一些蝙蝠冠状病毒对人类ACE2表现出不寻常的结合亲缘关系.
研究的目的:
- 研究SARS-CoV-2和相关的蝙蝠冠状病毒 (BANAL-52) 对ACE2受体的结合机制.
- 为了比较病毒RBD与蝙蝠和人类ACE2的相互作用.
- 了解SARS-CoV-2对人类ACE2的高度亲和力的进化起源.
主要方法:
- 来自SARS-CoV-2和BANAL-52的RBD的比较结构分析.
- 生物化学测试以量化来自Rhinolophus sinicus (RsBat) 和人类的病毒RBD和ACE2之间的结合亲和关系.
- 详细检查参与受体识别的关键氨基酸残留物.
主要成果:
- 班纳尔-52 RBD 显示了对 RsBat ACE2 的强有力的结合,这是由 His498 (班纳尔-52) 和 His41 (RsBat ACE2) 之间有利的相互作用所促进的.
- SARS-CoV-2 RBD 呈现出对人类 ACE2 的优先结合,受人类 ACE2 中 His34 和 Met82 残留物的影响.
- 这些发现与病毒受体识别的既定原则保持一致.
结论:
- 由于与人类ACE2残留物的特定相互作用,SARS-CoV-2对人类ACE2的高度亲和力是驱动的.
- SARS-CoV-2和BANAL-52的结合模式与它们各自的主体的进化适应相一致.
- 这项研究为导致COVID-19的进化轨迹提供了关键的结构性见解.
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