石炭时期的回归石层揭示了陆地草食动物的起源
Arjan Mann1, Zifang Xiong2, Ami S Calthorpe2
1Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA.
Nature ecology & evolution
|February 10, 2026
概括
早期的四足动物进化过程中,类动物中草食动物的快速发展.
科学领域:
- 古生物学的古生物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 脊椎动物古生物学 脊椎动物古生物学
背景情况:
- 陆地脊椎动物中草食动物的进化是一个关键的生态事件.
- 草食动物独立地在多个四足动物群中在石灰岩晚期和波斯纪期间出现.
- 这导致了现代陆地生态系统结构的建立.
研究的目的:
- 为了描述一个新的晚期碳石期泛类"微型巨",Tyrannoroter heberti gen. et sp. 在新的一年里.
- 研究四足动物中草食动物的起源和早期演变.
- 分析早期四足动物对草食动物的牙适应性.
主要方法:
- 高分辨率微型计算机断层扫描 (微型CT) 扫描化石牙.
- 分析牙电池形态和牙磨损模式.
- 植物遗传学分析包括新的化石数据.
主要成果:
- 蒂拉诺罗特 (Tyrannoroter heberti) 展出适用于剪切和研磨的牙电池,这表明它是一种食草动物.
- 化石证据表明,早在巴什基里亚 (大约3.18亿年前) 时代,草食在类动物中已经普遍存在.
- 这些适应陆地草食动物的适应在四足动物陆地化后迅速产生.
结论:
- 类动物独立地获得了草食,很可能是通过昆虫,贝动物和坚固的植物的饮食.
- 陆地草食动物不仅仅是羊动物的创新,与早期羊动物先行或共同进化.
- 该研究强调了早期陆地脊椎动物的食策略的快速多样化.
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