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转录组和H3K27ac修饰的整合性分析揭示了与牛免疫细胞中BCG诱导的训练免疫相关的变化

Beulah E R Samuel¹, Pengxin Yang^2,3, Christopher K Tuggle⁴

¹Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.

Scientific reports

|February 10, 2026

概括

细菌卡尔梅特·盖林 (BCG) 疫苗通过促进细胞因子的产生和改变单细胞和巨细胞的基因表达来增强牛的训练免疫力. 这项研究揭示了在牛免疫细胞中BCG诱导的训练免疫背后的分子机制.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
兽医医学兽医医学兽医医学
分子生物学分子生物学

背景情况:

众所周知,Bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG) 疫苗可以诱导训练免疫力,是一种天生的免疫记忆形式.
之前的研究表明,BCG能够增强牛单细胞和玛三角 (γδ) T 细胞中的细胞因子产生.
了解牛群中BCG诱导的训练免疫的分子基础对于其在动物健康中的应用至关重要.

研究的目的:

阐明BCG疫苗接种诱导牛单细胞和膜巨细胞 (amac) 训练免疫的分子机制.
调查BCG疫苗接种对细胞因子产生,转录资料和牛免疫细胞表观遗传修饰的影响.

主要方法:

采用了多原子方法,包括细胞因子分析,QuantSeq 3'mRNA测序和CUT&Tag H3K27ac分析.
荷尔斯坦-安格斯牛犊用BCG或盐水接种疫苗,在接种疫苗后的特定时间点收集单细胞和amac.
分析了免疫细胞对异质刺激 (LPS,Poly (I:C) /Imiquimod) 的反应.

主要成果:

在刺激后,BCG疫苗接种显著增加了单细胞中的IL-1β和IL-6的产生,以及AMAC中的IL-1β.
转录组分析显示,在BCG训练的单细胞中,刺激反应基因的谱系扩大.
在H3K27ac的分析中,在单细胞和亚马克中发现了许多差异性峰值,其中许多是牛特异性的.

结论:

接种BCG疫苗会诱导牛单细胞和巨细胞的训练免疫力.
这种训练有素的免疫力以增强的细胞因子产生,显著的转录重编程和特定的表观遗传修饰为特征.
这些发现为牛的BCG诱导训练免疫提供了分子基础,突出了牛特异性适应.

关键词:

接种BCG疫苗的人群牛类牛类牛类牛类牛类牛表观遗传学在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.H3K27ac 在线阅读训练有素的免疫力文字转录学 (Transcriptomics) 是一个学科.

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